Muscles that move the scapula

What are the main functions of scapular motion?

Optimises glenohumeral alignment and stability, facilitates overhead activities by maintaining subacromial space, and distributes load during pushing, pulling and throwing.

What is the origin of trapezius?

Medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament and spinous processes of T1–T12.

What is the insertion of trapezius?

Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula.

What is the action of the medial fibres of trapezius?

Retract the scapula.

What is the action of the middle fibres of trapezius?

Retract the scapula.

What is the origin of rhomboid minor?

Nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7 and T1.

What is the origin of rhomboid major?

Spinous processes of T2–T5.

What is the insertion of rhomboid major and minor?

Medial border of the scapula, from the level of the spine to the inferior angle.

What is the action of rhomboid major and minor?

Retract the scapula.

Where are the rhomboid muscles located in relation to trapezius?

Deep to trapezius.

What is the origin of serratus anterior?

Borders of the first eight ribs.

What is the insertion of serratus anterior?

Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula.

What is the action of serratus anterior?

Protracts the scapula.

What are the actions of pectoralis minor?

Depression, protraction and downward rotation of the scapula.

What is the action of levator scapulae shown?

Elevates the scapula.

Which muscles are listed for scapular depression?

Trapezius, serratus anterior and pectoralis minor.

Which muscle is associated with scapular protraction?

Serratus anterior; pectoralis minor is also listed as producing protraction.

Which muscles are associated with scapular retraction?

The medial/middle fibres of trapezius and the rhomboid major and minor.

Which muscle is associated with scapular elevation?

Levator scapulae.

What is scapular retraction?

Movement of the scapula towards the spine.

What is scapular protraction?

Movement of the scapula forwards, away from the spine.

What is scapular elevation?

Moving the scapula upwards.

What is scapular depression?

Moving the scapula downwards.

What is downward rotation of the scapula?

Rotation of the scapula downwards; it is listed as an action of pectoralis minor in this lecture.

Which ribs does serratus anterior originate from according to the lecture?

The first eight ribs.

Which vertebrae are included in the origin of trapezius according to the lecture?

T1–T12.

Which vertebrae are included in the origins of the rhomboids?

Rhomboid minor: C7–T1. Rhomboid major: T2–T5.

Which muscles are described as retracting the scapula?

Trapezius medial/middle fibres and rhomboid major and minor.

What details does the lecture give for pectoralis minor?

Actions: depression, protraction and downward rotation of the scapula. The slides do not specify its origin or insertion.

What details does the lecture give for levator scapulae?

The slide identifies its role in scapular elevation but does not specify its origin or insertion.

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