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Nervous System

A vast network of specialized and interconnected cells that facilitates communication between the brain and the rest of the body.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Comprises the brain and spinal cord, acting as the core processing unit.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Connects the CNS to the skin, muscles, and glands, forming the communication network between the CNS and body.

Neuron

Cells in the nervous system responsible for receiving and transmitting information.

Myelin Sheath

Fatty tissue insulator around the axon that facilitates faster electrical signal transmission.

Resting Potential

The state of a neuron when it is not transmitting an impulse, typically with a more negatively charged interior.

Action Potential

The change in electrical charge that occurs when a neuron transmits an impulse, characterized by a temporary positive charge.

Synapse

The gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released to transmit signals.

Neurotransmitter

Chemicals that relay signals across synapses between neurons.

Agonist

A substance that mimics the effects of a neurotransmitter, binding to receptor sites and activating them.