Chapter 2: Motion

Flashcards covering position, reference frames, distance, displacement, speed types and calculations, distance-time graphs, and velocity.

What is required to determine the position of an object?

A reference point (or frame of reference) is needed to determine the position of an object.

How can a frame of reference be created using axes?

A frame of reference can be created by drawing an x-axis and a y-axis so that they intersect at the reference point.

How is distance defined and what is its SI unit?

Distance is the path from Point A to Point B (following the roads), and its SI unit is the meter ($\text{m}$).

What is displacement?

Displacement is always a straight line from Point A to Point B.

What is speed and how is it calculated?

Speed is the distance an object travels per unit of time, calculated as $\text{Speed} = \frac{\text{distance}}{\text{time}}$ ($S = \frac{d}{t}$).

What are the units for speed mentioned in the notes?

The SI unit for speed is meters per second ($\text{m/s}$), and another unit mentioned is kilometers per hour ($\text{km/hr}$).

What is constant speed?

Constant speed is speed that doesn't go up or down and stays the same.

What is average speed and what is its formula?

Average speed is total distance divided by total time ($\text{AS} = \frac{\text{total distance}}{\text{total time}}$).

What is instantaneous speed and what is an example of it?

Instantaneous speed is speed at a given point in time; an example is a reading on a speedometer.

On a distance-time graph, which axes represent time and distance?

Time is on the horizontal axis and distance is on the vertical axis.

What does the slope of a line on a distance-time graph represent?

The slope of the line represents speed.

What is velocity?

Velocity is speed in a direction.

How are velocities combined when moving in the same direction versus different directions?

In the same direction, you add the velocities; in different directions, you subtract the velocities.

What activities or applications are mentioned for using velocity?

Flying, track, and cross country.