Basic Physics & Math (Chp 2 & 3)

Radiography in the Digital Age: Chp 2 & 3

Angstrom

(Å) Unit of measure of wavelength: 1 Å = 10 −10 m.

centi-

prefix meaning 1/100 (0.01) of a unit

Directly proportional

when 2 independent variables are related to each other in such a way that if one variable increases, the other variable increases by the same magnitude.

Energy

Ability to do work.

Exponentially proportional

when 2 independent variables are related to each other in such a way that if one variable increases or decreases, the other variable increases or decreases exponentially.

Intensity

The concentration of radiation energy per unit area. Measured directly in units of J/kg (Grays) or indirectly in units of C/kg (roentgens).

Inverse Square Law

The intensity of radiation (and most forces) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the emitter and the receiver.

Inversely proportional

when 2 independent variables are related to each other in such a way that if one variable increases, the other variable decreases by the same magnitude.

kilo-

prefix meaning 1000 of a unit

Kinetic energy

Energy of motion.

Law of conservation of energy

Principle that states that energy may be transformed from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed; the total amount of energy is constant.

micro-

prefix meaning 1/1,000,000 (0.000001) of a unit

milli-

prefix meaning 1/1000 (.001) of a unit

Potential energy

Energy of relative position.

Time, Length, Mass

The 3 standards of measurement

Gravity, The weak nuclear force, Electromagnetism, The strong nuclear force

4 Fundamental forces

Conduction, Convention, Radiation

3 ways in which flow of energy can occur, resulting in heating