Derm Exam 1 Skin

List The Primary Functions Of The Skin?

Boundary (Separates the external and the interial envir)

Temperature regulation

Sensory Perception(Allows to detect Sensation)

protection of bacteria

excretion of waste (eliminate wast)

Label the Skin Anatomy

1. Epidermis

2. dermis has 2 layers Papillary & Reticular

3. Hypodermis

4. Blood supply(Not in the epidermis)

5. blood supply(Not in the epidermis)

6. Apocrine sweat Gland (attached to hair follicle

7. Arrector Pili Muscle

8. Free nerves (pain and temp)

9. Hair Follicle

10. sebaceous Glands (attached to hair follicle)

11. merocrine Sweat Glands(outside to the surface)
    
    
    

Label the Layers Of epidermis

1. Stratum Corneum (outer Layer) DEAD, Flat and squamous filled with keratin

2. Stratum lucidum (ONLY THICK SKIN)

3. Stratum Granulosum contains 3-5 layers

4. Stratum spinosum (Larger Layer) Desmisomes cytokeratin is being made & dendritic Cels

5. Specific Cell Melanocytes

6. stratum Basale (live keratinocytes)

cells Found in Epidermis ?

Keratinocytes

Melanocytes

Markel(Tactile)Cell

Dendritic(Langerhans(Cells

what is Kerantinocytes?

Produces Keratin, which gives protection and strength in the EPIDERMIS

What is Melanocytes?

produces Melanin which protects against UV radiation

Produces collagen and elastin fibers In the DERMIS

Fibroblasts

What is the function of Merkel Cells?

Detects light touch in the Epidermis

What is the Function of the sebaceous Gland ?

To secrete Sebum to lubricate the skin hair

Where is Apocrine and Merocrine(eccrine) mainly found?

Apocrine

Armpits, Nipples, Pubic Regions Palms

Merocrine(Eccrine)

Sole of the feets

Apocrine Sweat gland

Armpits, Nipples, Pubic Regions Palms

Deep into the dermis

Produces Odorous(smell) Milk, sticky sweat

Merocrine (eccrine) Sweat Gland

Not Deep in the dermis

screation only water and salt

Found on the palms and soles fo the feet

Difference between Thin and Thick Skin?

thick skin ONLY IN STRA. Lucidum

palms and soles

5 layers

no Hair Follicles no Sebaceous Glands

Thin skin DOESNT HAVE STRA. Lucidum

covers most of the body
4 layers
contains hair follicles and sebaceous glands

Name & Describe the Five Layers of the Epidermis

Stratum Basale = Contains keratinocytes underg mitosis , melanocytes, and Merkel (tactile) cells. also Hemidesmosomes is attacch cells to the basement

Stratum spinousim = desmosomes holds cells together and contains Denetric cells

Stratum Granulosum = Contains Keatohyalin Granules to increase kertinaziation

Stratum Lucidum = layers only found in the palm and sole of the feet

Stratum Corneum = Dead Kertanized cells that provide protection

Describe the structure and function of the dermis?

Dermis

Papillary Layer superficial-Closer to the epidermis

Loose tissues allows for immune cell migration

lots of blood vessels

Reticular Layer deeper thicker Layer

dense layer of collegen and elastic fibers

Pacinian receptors (Detects Vibration)

Fibroblast produces collegen and elastin

Describe the structure and function of the Hypodermis?

Not Considered a skin

thermal insulation and energy supply

composed of areolar and adipose tissues

It anchors the skin to underlying tissues and organs, helping keep it in place while allowing movement.

describe the dermal blood flow and function?

Papillary Plexus

• Supplies oxygen and nutrients to the epidermis through diffusion.

• Helps regulate body temperature.

Cutaneous Plexus

• Supplies blood to dermis and skin structures

• Helps regulate body temperature.

what does Meissner Corpuscles ? and where is it located?

Light Touch and its in the papillary (Dermis)

What do Pacinian Corpuscles detect? where is it located?

Deep Pressure and Vibration & Deep dermis

what do free nerve ending detect? and where is found?

Pain and temperture

Epidermis and dermis

merkel cells detects? where is it found?

light touch and pressure

Stra basale

what produces melanin ? Where does it happen? the Color?

Melanocytes and in the of stratum Basale

Brown and black

What is carotene, and where is it found in the skin?

Yellow-Orange pigment

found in the stratum corneum and fatty tissues(hypodermis)

Describe the structure, secretion, and functions of sebaceous glands?

1. oil glands in the dermis unsually connected to the hair follicles

2. screation: produces sebum

3. Function; block bacteria growth, lubricate and condition

describe the major structural features of the hair shaft and hair follicle

Hair Shaft - Visible portion of the hair

Cortex - keratinized cells

Medulla - Soft Keratin

Cuticle - thin outer layer

root hair plexus - Sensory nerves

Arrector pili Muscle

What causes goose bumps?

contraction of the Arrector Pili Muscle(DERMIS)