Body Fluids & Compartments

Chem reactions, types of cells in the body, structure of plasma membrane

What type of solution do chemical reactions of life take place

Aqueous Solution

How does water move through the semipermeable membrane

Osmosis

Osmosis

diffusion of water from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration, along a gradient across a semi-permeable membrane

What measure of solute must we have to ensure normal function

Isotonic Solution

Isotonic Solution

Equal concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell.

Hypotonic solution

Lower concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside.

Hypertonic solution

Higher concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside.

T/F fat stores water

false

How much percent does water take up of our body weight

60%

How is a person’s water content in the body compared to fat

water is inversely proportional to fat

What is to 60-40-20 rule (3 things)

1. assumes the total body water is about 60% of the body

2. 2/3 or 40% is intracellular fluid

3. 1/3 or 20% is extracellular fluid

Intracellular fluid

fluid inside the cell

Why is intracellular fluid impotant

dissolves cation and anions, so the fluid compartments maintain the same concentration/electrically neutral

What is the principal of macroscopic electroneutrality

Fluid compartments maintain the same concentration of + and - charges in order to stay electrically neutral

Extracellular fluid

fluid outside the cellWh

what are the 2 components of extracellular fluid

1. blood (plasma)

2. interstitial fluid (surrounds all cells not in blood)

What are the two classes of cells

1. Prokaryotic

2. Eukaryotic

What does a prokaryotic cell lack

nucleus and membrane bound organelles & is a single-celled mircoorganism

Why are Eukaryotic cells more complex

They contain a nucleus and found in plants, animals, and fungi

What kind of cells are bacteria and archaea considered

bacteria & archaea

where do the reactions occur in prokaryotic cells

cytoplasm

How do prokaryotes divide

asexually by binary division

What structures are in the Prokaryotic cells (8)

1. Capsule

2. Cell wall

3. Cytoplasm

4. Cell membrane

5. Pili

6. Flagella

7. Ribosomes

8. Nucleoid

Does prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells carry out metabolic rections

eukaryotic

Are eukaryotic cells hydrophobic or hydrophilic at its core

Hydrophobic

Are eukaryotic cells hydrophobic or hydrophilic externally and internally

Hydrophilic

hydrophilic

gets absorbed or dissolved in water from the charged phosphate molecule that forms the head of the phospholipid

hydrophobic

Resistant to water from the two lipid tails that form the core. This allows selective permeability of the membrane

What controls movement of substances in eukaryotic cells in the plasma membrane

protein channels & carrier proteins

What does fluid mosaic refer to

proteins located in or on the membrane move freely throughout the phospholipid bilayer

What happens to substances that cant pass through the membrane or use channels

the plasma membrane has to engulf them in a process called endocytosis

endocytosis

Recognition of either foreign microorganisms or native substances by receptors on the membrane and subsequent folding of that region of the membrane around the structure being transported into the cytoplasm

what are the 3 types of endocytotsis

1. phagocytosis

2. pinocytosis

3. receptor-meditated

phagoytosis

intake of nonspecific substances into the cell

pinocytosis

intake of specific substances into the cell

receptor-meditated endocytosis

specific uptake of certain macromolecules controlled by cell surface receptors