BIOMED MUSCLE TEST

What are the 3 types of joints?

Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Example of fibrous joints?

Cranial structures - Mouth & Jaw

Example of cartilaginous joints?

Vertebral discs - pubic symphsis

Examples of Synovial joint?

Ball & socket - hinge - shoulder & hips - knee & elbow - saddle (thumb)

What is goniometry?

Assesses ROM (Range Of Motion), helps physical therapists & AT’s.

Joint movement of Flexion?

Knee flexing back

Extension

Knee extending away from you

Hyperextension

Wrist extending upwards

Adduction joint movement

Brings a limb to the center of the torso

Abduction

Brings joint away from the body.

Depression joint movement

Shoulder goes down

Elevation joint movement

Goes up, happens at shoulder

Rotation joint movement

Rotational circular movements of limb happens at arm

Circumduction

Literal circular movements of limb happens at arm

Pronation

Turns forearm so palm faces downwards can also occur at foot

Supination

Turns forearm so palms face upward or can occur at foot

Dorsiflexion

Points foot toward you.

Plantar flexion

Points foot downward

Joints are classified based on

How the bones are connected | How much movement the joint permits

The attachment point that moves is called the insertion

Insertion

The attatchment point that does not move is called the

Origin

Frontalis & Temporalis

Frontalis is located on the frontal bone of the skull; Temporalis is located on the temporal bone of the skull

Orbicularis Oculi and Transverse abdominis

Fibers in obricularis oculi form a circle; Fibers in transverse abdominis “traverse” or go across the abdomen.

Flexor carpi ulnaris and Extensor digitorum longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris flexes the hand at the wrist; extensor digitorum longus extends the foot & toes

Biceps brachii and Triceps brachii

Biceps brachii has two origins; Triceps brachii has three origins

Sternocleidomastoid and Brachioradialis

Sternocleidomastoid has origins on the breastbone (sternum) and the collar bone (clavicle or “cleido”) and insertions