Science TEAS

Right hypochondriac

(Upper right) Right kidney, liver, gallbladder and small intestine

Epigastric

(Upper middle) stomach, liver, adrenal glands, pancreas, spleen, small intestine

Left hypochondriac

(Upper left) Left kidney, spleen, pancreas, and colon

Right lumbar

(Middle right) Ascending colon, liver, gallbladder

Umbilical

(Middle) small intestine, duodenum, umbilicus

Left lumbar

(Middle left) descending colon, left kidney

Right iliac

(Lower right) cecum, appendix

Hypogastric

(Lower middle) bladder, female internal reproductive organs, sigmoid colon

Left iliac

(Lower left) descending and sigmoid colon

RUQ

(Right upper quadrant) duodenum part of the ascending and transverse colon hepatic flexure, liver, and gallbladder, pancreas, right kidney, and right adrenal gland

RLQ

Cecum, appendix, right ureter, right fallopian tube, right ovary

LUQ

Stomach, liver, pancreas, left kidney left adrenal gland, splenic flexure, transverse and descending colon

Left lower quadrant

Left ureter? Left fallopian tube, left ovary, part of descending colon and sigmoid colon

Thoracic cavity

Contains lungs and mediastinum which sepereates into left and right compartments

-mediastinum contains heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus

Abdominopelvic cavity

Diaphragm to pelvic floor

Abdominal cavity- stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, large and small intestine

pelvic cavity- internal reproductive organs, bladder, colon

Dorsal cavity

Brain and spinal cord

Cranial cavity

Cranial bones, 12 cranial nerves and pituitary gland

Pulmonary respiration

Breathing

External respiration

Exchange of gas’s betweeen the lungs and blood

Thermoregulation

Regulation of body temperature

Lysozymes

Within the mucus helps break down trapped debris and the cilia sweeps debris away

Immunoglobulin

Produced by mucosal lining and antibodies aid in immune defense by neutralizing payhogens

Mast cells

In respiratory tract release inflammation chemicals that increase blood flow to the region and alert the immune system to a threat

Macrophages

Can also help to protect the lungs by engulfing small cells and particulates

Parietal pleura

A serous membrane called the pleura lines the thoracic cavity

Mediastinum

Theee lobed right lung is seperated from the two loved left lung by …

Hilum

Where trachea forks into primary bronchi which enter left and right lung

lung Oder

Bronchus, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, alveolar ducts, sacs, alveoli

Alveoli

Made of epithelial cells, type 1 cells —> these cells are involved in gas’s exchange

type 2 cells- cuboidal cells secrete surfactant to keep cell from collapsing

Circulatory system

C6H12O6 glucose + 6O2 oxygen +6CO2 carbon dioxide+ 6H2O (water)

Systolic

Max pressure in artery during contraction of ventricles filling the arty to max expansion

Diastole

Period in which ventricles relax

ECG

PQRSTU is the wave

PR is depolarization

QRS is reparization

Continuous

Basement membrane, intercellular cleft

Fenestrated

Pores, kidneys and small intestine

Sinusoid

Large particles with blood cells that can go through

Erythrocyte production

Myeloid stem cells, erythroblast, Reticulocytes, erythrocytes formed then engulfed by phagocytes

Lymphocytes

Type B and type T

Lymphocytes

White blood cells there are B and T cells

Monocyte

White blood cell, well defined nucleus,

Immune response to pathogens, produced in bone marrow

granulocyte

White blood cell, granules in cytoplasm, released to certain infections, and allergens

Types: Basiphils, eosinophils, neutrophils, mast cells

Basophils

Black by basic stains

-allergies allergic reactions

Eosinophils

Stained red, defense against infection by parasites and responds to allergens with inflammation

Neutrophils

Stained pale lilac by neutral stains, defense against infection or micoorganisms

Hemoglobin

Protein with 4 polypeptide chains alpha and beta, each has a heme group that gives red color, 1 heme is 1 atom of iron surrounded by organic ring called protoporphyrin

Renin

Secreted by renin that releases aldosterone from adrenal glands which increases water absorption and plasma volumes to increase blood pressure

Endocrine Cells

Release hormones such as gastrin into the blood and do not contrive to gastric juices

Parietal cells

Secrete intrinsic factor, required for absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine, also release hydrochloric acid lowers the PH of gastric juices

Chief cells

secretes pepsinogen—> once activated breaks down proteins into smaller peptide chains

Chief cells- secrete gastric lipase continues the digestion of fats

CN-Olfactory

Smell, S

CN- Optic

Sight, S

CN- Oculomotor

Moves the eyes up and down left right and diagonally. Adjust the people and lens of the eye, M

CN- trochlear

Who is the eyes up down left right and diagonally, M

CN-Trigeminal

Largest of the cranial nerves, chewing face sensation, B

CN- Abducens

Move the eyes up down, left right and diagonally, M

CN- Facial

Face expression and interior 2/3 of tongue, B

CN- Vestibulocochlear

Sound,S

CN- Glossopharyngeal

Swallowing, saliva, and taste

CN- Vagus

Control of peripheral nervous system

CN-Accessory

Swallowing and movement of the head and neck

CN- hypoglossal

Speech and swallowing tongue movement, M

Astrocytes

The most abundant cells found in neural tissue

Anchor neurons facilitate exchange of material between capillaries, neurons, uptake, axis, ions, and neurotransmitters

Microfilm

Relatively few extensions

Phagocytic- Immune defense, digest dead neurons and debris

Oligodendrocytes

Extensions wrap around axons of CNS neuron

Produce Milan sheets that insulate, CNS, neurons and speed up neurotransmitters

ependyma

Form The epithelial lining of the ventricles and central canal of the spinal cord

Circulate CSF and facilitate exchange of material materials between CSF and interstitial fluid of brain and spinal cord

Schwann cells

Expensive lipid membranes wrap around PNS axons to form layers

Produce the Milan sheets that insulate PNS neurons speed up neurotransmitters

Satellite cells

Surround the Soma of neurons within PNS ganglia

Protect and cushion PNS neurons

Acetylcholine

Stimulates, skeletal muscle

norepinephrine

Influences mood and sleep patterns

Dopamine

Associated with mood attention, reward system, and movement

Histamine

Works with a hypothalamus promotes Wakefulness

Serotonin

Many roles, mostly inhibitory influences sleep, mood, hunger, arousal

GABA

The major inhibitory in neurotransmitter

Glutamate

The major excitatory neurotransmitter

Flexing

Decrease the angle between two body parts. Example banning the elbow.

Extension

Increasing the angle between two body parts example straightening for elbow

Dorsiflexion

Ankle flexion will be the toes toward the shin

Plantarflexion

Ankle ankle extension, moving the toes towards the ground, pointing the toes