Python Programming CS1010 Chapter 1

input

A program receives data from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.

process

A program performs computations on that data, such as adding two values like x + y.

output

A program puts that data somewhere, such as a file, screen, or network.

algorithm

A sequence of instructions that solves a problem

Python interpreter

a computer program that executes code written in the Python programming language

interactive interpreter

a program that allows the user to execute one line of code at a time

code

common word for the textual representation of a program

line

a row of text

statement

a program instruction

expression

is a piece of code the interpreter evaluates to produce a value

string

Text enclosed in quotes

escape sequence

is a string that has a special meaning, like the newline character

whitespace

Any space, tab, or newline

input()

function is used to read input from a user.

syntax error

violates a programming language's rules on how symbols can be combined to create a program

runtime error

which a program's syntax is correct but the program attempts an impossible operation, such as dividing by zero or multiplying strings together

logic error

program is logically flawed (also called a bug)

integrated development environment (IDE)

A software that integrates a text editor and a Python interpreter, often with additional tools

Syntax highlighting

uses different colors for keywords, variables, strings, and other code syntax elements.

Automatic delimiter completion

adds a matching closing quotation mark, parenthesis, bracket, or brace when a corresponding opening symbol is typed, which can help errors be more easily identified.

console

is a text-based interface that allows a user to run programs, enter input, and view program output.

command-line interface (CLI)

is an interface that allows a user to enter commands to run programs and work with files.

command-line argument

is a value entered by a user after the program name when running a program from a command line.

memory

is a circuit that can store 0s and 1s in each of a series of thousands of addressed locations

app, program, application

The programmer-created sequence of instructions

machine instructions

Instructions represented as 0s and 1s

executable program

sequence of machine instructions together form

compilers

which are programs that automatically translate high-level language programs into executable programs.

screen

displays items to a user.

keyboard

allows a user to provide input to the computer, typically accompanied by a mouse for graphical displays

solid-state drive (SSD)

uses flash memory to store files and other data, such as program files, song/movie files, or office documents.

byte

Memory size is typically listed in bits or in bytes

processor

runs the computer's programs, reading and executing instructions from memory, performing operations, and reading/writing data from/to memory

operating system

allows a user to run other programs and interfaces with the many other peripherals

cache

a processor may contain a small amount of RAM on its own chip, called

clock

A processor's instructions execute at a rate

script

is a program whose instructions are executed by another program called an interpreter

open-source language

he user community participates in defining the language and creating new interpreters