Top 300 Week 3 Institutional 2026

Eletriptan brand name and class?

• Relpax

• Class: Antimigraine Serotonin Receptor Agonist

Eletriptan common FDA label indication, dosing, and titration?

Migraine: 20-40 mg po at onset of migraine, may repeat after 2 h prn; max single dose 40 mg, max daily dose of 80 mg/d

Eletriptan MOA?

Eletriptan binds with high affinity to serotonin (5-HT) subtypes 1B, 1D, and 1F receptors. It has no significant affinity or pharmacological activity at adrenergic α₁, α₂, or β; dopaminergic D₁ or D₂; muscarinic; or opioid receptors. Serotonin receptor agonists are believed to be effective in migraine, either through vasoconstriction (via activation of 5-HT₁ receptors located on intracranial blood vessels) or through activation of 5-HT₁ receptors on sensory nerve endings in the trigeminal system, resulting in the inhibition of proinflammatory neuropeptide release.

Eletriptan box warnings?

None

Eletriptan contraindications?

Hypersensitivity to eletriptan, cerebrovascular syndromes, hemiplegic or basilar migraine, ischemic bowel disease, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, severe hepatic impairment, uncontrolled HTN, coronary artery vasospasm, cardiac arrythmias 5-HT1 agonist or ergotamine medication

Eletriptan drug interactions?

• SSRIs → additive serotonergic effects → avoid concurrent use; if not possible, monitor carefully for signs of serotonin syndrome

• CYP3A4/5 inducers → increased eletriptan metabolism reduces eletriptan effectiveness → monitor and consider dose increases of eletriptan

• CYP3A4/5 inhibitors → decreased eletriptan metabolism increases risk of eletriptan toxicity → monitor and consider dose decreases of eletriptan

• Other 5-HT agonists → additive pharmacologic effect leading to additive toxicity → administration within 24 h of other serotonin agonists is contraindicated

Eletriptan ADR?

• Common - weakness

• Less common - chest pain, nausea, asthenia, dizziness, somnolence, palpitations, weakness

• Rare but serious - cardiac dysrhythmia, coronary arteriosclerosis, heart block, HTN, AMI, aphasia, cerebral ischemia, stroke, dystonia, hemiplegia, neuropathy, transient ischemic attack, oculogyric crisis

Emplagliflozin brand name and class?

• Jardiance

• Class: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor, Antidiabetic

Emplagliflozin common FDA label indication, dosing, and titration?

• Diabetes Mellitus, type 2: 10-25 mg po daily; titrate to effect, max dose 25 mg po daily

• Chronic kidney disease: 10 mg po daily

• Heart failure, in combination with other agents: 10 mg po daily

Emplagliflozin MOA?

Empagliflozin inhibits sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the proximal renal tubules, reducing reabsorption of filtered glucose from the tubular lumen resulting in increased urinary secretion and reduced plasma glucose.

Emplagliflozin box warnings?

None

Emplagliflozin contraindications?

Hypersensitivity

Emplagliflozin drug interactions?

• Beta-blockers → altered glucose metabolism and increased risk of hypoglycemia. Symptoms of hypoglycemia masked → avoid propanolol, use others with caution and increased monitoring

• Fluoroquinolones, NSAIDs, fenofibrate, SSRIs, somatostatin analogues → altered glucose metabolism and increased risk of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia → avoid concurrent use if possible; monitor and consider dose adjustments

• MAOIs → stimulation of insulin secretion, hypoglycemic effects → avoid concurrent use if possible; monitor and consider dose adjustments

• Psyllium → psyllium may delay absorption of glucose from meals → avoid concurrent use if possible; monitor and consider dose adjustments

• Sulfonamides → increased risk of hypoglycemia → monitor blood glucose and consider dose adjustments of sulfonylureas

Emplagliflozin ADR?

• Common - none

• Less common - urinary tract infection,genititourinary fungal infections, increased hematocrit

• Rare but serious - acute kidney injury, hypersensitivity, hypotension, ketoacidosis, increased risk of bone fractures, increased risk of lower limb amputations

Estradiol (PO) brand name and class?

• Estrace

• Class: Estrogen

Estradiol (PO) common FDA label indication, dosing, and titration?

• Abnormal vasomotor function (moderate to severe), menopause: 1-2 mg po daily for 21 d followed by 7 d off

• Atrophic vulva or vagina (moderate to severe), menopause: oral tablet, 1-2 mg po daily in a cyclical pattern (3 wk on, 1 wk off)

• Breast cancer, metastatic, for palliation only: 10 mg po tid x 3 mo

• Carcinoma of prostate, advanced, androgen-dependent, for palliation only: 1-2 mg po tid

• Decreased estrogen level, secondary to hypogonadism, castration, or primary ovarian failure: 1-2 mg po daily

• Postmenopausal osteoporosis, prophylaxis: 0.5 mg po daily for 23 d followed by 5 d off

Estradiol (PO) MOA?

Estradiol (17β-estradiol; E2) is the most potent of the naturally occurring estrogens and the major estrogen secreted during the reproductive years. Estradiol and other estrogens produce characteristic effects on specific tissues (such as breast), cause proliferation of vaginal and uterine mucosa, increase calcium deposition in bone, and accelerate epiphyseal closure after initial growth stimulation.

Estradiol (PO) box warnings?

Should not be used to decrease risk of CV disease, increased risk of endometrial cancer, breast cancer, or dementia; secondary exposure risk (transdermal solution)

Estradiol (PO) contraindications?

Hypersensitivity to estradiol; history of thromboembolic disorders, breast cancer, any estrogen-dependent neoplasm, known or suspected pregnancy, abnormal uterine bleeding not evaluated by provider

Estradiol (PO) drug interactions?

• Aromatase inhibitors → estradiol may counteract the effect of aromatase inhibitors → avoid concurrent use

• CYP3A4/5, 1A2, P-gp inducers → increased estradiol metabolism or transport reduces estradiol effectiveness → consider dose increases of estradiol

• CYP3A4/5, 1A2, P-gp inhibitors → decreased estradiol metabolism or transport increases risk of estradiol toxicity → consider dose decreases of estradiol

Estradiol (PO) ADR?

• Common - none known

• Less common - weight change, nausea, vomiting, disturbance in mood, swelling of breast, depression, headache

• Rare but serious - heart disease, MI, DM, venous thromboembolism, anaphylaxis, cerebrovascular accident, PE, breast, endometrial or ovarian cancer

Estradiol (transdermal patch) brand name and class?

• Alora, Climara, Minivelle, Menostar, Vivelle-DOT

• Class: Estrogen

Estradiol (transdermal patch) common FDA label indication, dosing, and titration?

• Abnormal vasomotor function or atrophic vagina or vulva (moderate-severe), menopause: 0.025-0.0375 mg/d patch applied to the skin twice weekly (dose and frequency of patch change dependent on specific product selected); adjust dose as necessary based on response and attempt taper and discontinuation at 3-6 mo intervals

• Postmenopausal osteoporosis, prophylaxis: 0.014-0.025 mg/d patch applied to the skin once or twice weekly (dose and frequency of patch change dependent on specific product selected); adjust dose as necessary based on response

• Decreased estrogen level, secondary to hypogonadism, castration, or primary ovarian failure: 0.1 mg/d patch applied to the skin once or twice weekly (dose and frequency of patch change dependent on specific product selected)

Estradiol (transdermal patch) MOA?

Estradiol (17β-estradiol; E2) is the most potent of the naturally occurring estrogens and the major estrogen secreted during the reproductive years. Estradiol and other estrogens produce characteristic effects on specific tissues (such as breast), cause proliferation of vaginal and uterine mucosa, increase calcium deposition in bone, and accelerate epiphyseal closure after initial growth stimulation.

Estradiol (transdermal patch) box warnings?

Should not be used to decrease risk of CV disease, breast cancer, or dementia; increased risk of endometrial cancer; secondary exposure risk (transdermal solution)

Estradiol (transdermal patch) contraindications?

Hypersensitivity to estradiol; history of thromboembolic disorders, breast cancer, any estrogen-dependent neoplasm, known or suspected pregnancy, abnormal uterine bleeding not evaluated by provider

Estradiol (transdermal patch) drug interactions?

• Aromatase inhibitors → estradiol may counteract the effect of aromatase inhibitors → avoid concurrent use

• CYP3A4/5, 1A2, P-gp inducers → increased estradiol metabolism or transport reduces estradiol effectiveness → consider dose increases of estradiol

• CYP3A4/5, 1A2, P-gp inhibitors → decreased estradiol metabolism or transport increases risk of estradiol toxicity → consider dose decreases of estradiol

Estradiol (transdermal patch) ADR?

• Common - edema, application site irritation

• Less common - abdominal pain, breakthrough bleeding, nausea, vomiting, disturbance in mood, swelling of breast, depression, weight change

• Rare but serious - heart disease, MI, DM, venous thromboembolism, anaphylaxis, cerebrovascular accident, PE, breast, endometrial or ovarian cancer

Etanercept brand name and class?

• Enbrel, Erelzi

• Class: Antirheumatic, Disease-Modifying, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-Blocking Agent

Etanercept common FDA label indication, dosing, and titration?

• Ankylosing spondylitis, treatment refractory: adults, 50 mg SUBQ once per wk or 25 mg SUBQ twice per wk

• Polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis: children > or = 2 y of age and <63 kg, 0.8 mg/kg (max 50 mg) SUBQ once per wk; > or = 63 kg, 50 mg once per wk

• Plaque psoriasis: children > or = 4y of age, 0.8 mg/kg/dose (max 50 mg) SUBQ once per wk; adults, 50 mg twice per wk x 3 mo, then 50 mg SUBQ once per wk

• Psoriatic arthritis: adults, 50 mg SUBQ once per wk or 25 mg SUBQ twice per wk

• Rheumatoid arthritis: adults, 50 mg SUBQ once per wk or 25 mg SUBQ twice per wk

Etanercept MOA?

Etanercept is a recombinant DNA-derived protein composed of tumor necrosis factor receptor linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1. Etanercept binds to soluble human tumor necrosis factor alpha with the p55 and p75 cell surface tumor necrosis factor receptors.

Etanercept box warnings?

Serious infections, malignancies

Etanercept contraindications?

Hypersensitivity, sepsis

Etanercept drug interactions?

• Anti-TNF agents → increased risk of serious infection with concurrent use → avoid concurrent use

• Immunosuppressants → additive immunosuppression → avoid concurrent use or monitor for additive immunosuppression if combined

• Live vaccines → increased risk of vaccine adverse effects → avoid concurrent use and for at least 3 mo after discontinuation of adalimumab

• Inactive vaccines → diminished vaccine efficacy → administer vaccine > or = 2 wk prior to treatment initiation

Etanercept ADR?

• Common - diarrhea, headache, skin rash, infections antibody development, injection site reactions

• Less common - dizziness, nausea

• Rare but serious - serious infections, reactivation of latent infections, malignancies, heart failure

Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel Ring brand name and class?

• NuvaRing, EluRyng, EnilloRing

• Class: Contraceptive

Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel Ring common FDA label indication, dosing, and titration?

Contraception: 1 ring inserted vaginally by patient and remaining continuously for 3 wk, then removed for 1 wk; a new ring is then inserted, regardless whether bleeding has or has not finished

Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel Ring MOA?

See preface c card: general content related to all oral contraceptives

Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel Ring box warnings?

Cardiovascular risk with concurrent cigarette smoking

Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel Ring contraindications?

Hypersensitivity to ethinyl estradiol or progestin component; history of thromboembolic disorders, endometrial cancer, breast cancer history, abnormal uterine bleeding not evaluated by HCP, uncontrolled HTN, pregnancy; smoking > or = 15 cigarettes per d and > 35 y of age, hepatic tumors, HCV drug combinations

Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel Ring drug interactions?

See preface C card: general content related to all oral contraceptions

Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel Ring ADR?

• Common - headache, intermenstrual bleeding, vaginitis

• Less common - abdominal pain, acne, amenorrhea, mood changes, nausea, vomiting, vaginal discharge, weight gain

• Rare but serious - AMI, anaphylaxis, angioedema, thromboembolism, galactorrhea not associated with childbirth, hypersensitivity reaction, toxic shock syndrome, urticaria, thromboembolism

Ezetimibe brand name and class?

• Zetia

• Class: Antihyperlipidemic, Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor

Ezetimibe common FDA label indication, dosing, and titration?

• Familial hypercholesterolemia-homozygous, with atorvastatin or simvastatin: adults and children > or = 10 y of age, 10 mg po daily

• Mixed hyperlipidemia: 10 mg po daily in combination with fenofibrate

• Primary hypercholesterolemia: 10 mg po daily, alone, or in combination with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)

• Homozygous famial sitosterolemia: adults and children > or = 9 y of age, 10 mg po daily

Ezetimibe MOA?

Ezetimibe localizes at the brush border of the small intestine and inhibits the absorption of cholesterol, leading to a decrease in the delivery of intestinal cholesterol to the liver. This causes a reduction of hepatic cholesterol stores and an increase in clearance of cholesterol from the blood; this distinct mechanism is complementary to that of statins and of fenofibrate.

Ezetimibe box warnings?

None

Ezetimibe contraindications?

Hypersensitivity to ezetimibe, gallbladder disease, severe hepatic dysfunction, concurrent use with a statin in a pregnant or nursing mother

Ezetimibe drug interactions?

• Cholestyramine, colestipol → decreased absorption of ezetimibe → separate administration by 2-4 h

• Fibrates → increased risk of cholelithiasis or myopathy → avoid concurrent use or monitor for cholelithiasis and myopathy

• Warfarin → increased risk of bleeding → monitor INR and consider dose adjustments

Ezetimibe ADR?

• Common - none known

• Less common - abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, headache, increased liver enzymes, myopathy, nausea

• Rare but serious - rhabdomyolysis, cholelithiasis, hepatotoxicity, agranulocytosis, pancreatitis

Febuxostat brand name and class?

• Uloric

• Class: Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

Febuxostat common FDA label indication, dosing, and titration?

Hyperuricemia in patients not adequately treated with, or having adverse effects from, allopurinol: 40 mg po daily, may titrate to 120 mg po daily

Febuxostat MOA?

Selectively inhibits xanthine oxidase, the enzyme responsible for converting xanthine to uric acid. Lowers uric acid and reduces gout.

Febuxostat box warnings?

Increased risk of death (cardiac, all-cause)

Febuxostat contraindications?

Concurrent azathioprine or mercaptopurine

Febuxostat drug interactions?

• Substrates for xanthine oxidase (azathioprine, didanosine, mercaptopurine, theophylline) → decreased metabolism of xanthine oxidase substrates and increased toxicity → concurrent use of azathioprine, didanoside, and mercaptopurine is contraindicated; use theophylline with caution

• Pegloticase → increased risk of infusion reaction and anaphylaxis to pegloticase → febuxostat should be discontinued prior to pegloticase administration

• Rosuvastatin → increased concentration and toxicity of rosuvastatin → limit maximum rosuvastatin dose to 20 mg/d when combined, monitor for increased rosuvastatin toxicity

• Ubrogepant → increased concentration and toxicity of Ubrogepant → consider dose reduction of ubrogepant when used concurrently

Febuxostat ADR?

• Common - none known

• Less common - rash, nausea, elevated LFTs, arthralgia

• Rare but serious - ECG abnormalities, hypersensitivity, stroke, mood changes, drug reaction rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms