Anatomy cases exam 1

what are causes of sciatica?

-herniated disc between L4-L5

-Piriformis syndrome

what are symptoms of sciatica?

hurts when moving leg and bad nerve pain and muscle weakness

what causes lumbar stenosis

overtime the vertebral discs can become more compressed and not as plump as they used to be

-this can push on the nerves and causes pain in legs and lower back

what is spondylolysis

it is a feature at pars interarticularis

where is spondylolysis most common

l4 and l5 region

what is spondlolisthesis

a full separation of vertebra by breaking facet joint on inferior and superior vertebrae

what is the most common rotator muscle to be torn

supraspinatus

what is adhesive capsulitis

"frozen shoulder"

-the articular capsule that surrounds the joint thickens and contracts and adhesions develop

What is Erb Duchenene Palsy

Damage to the superior brachial plexus C5-C6

what physical presentations can you see with damage to the superior brachial plexus

arms hand adducted, medially rotated, forearm extended and pronated "waiter tip"

What is Klumpke paralysis

injury to lower brachial plexus

what physical presentations can see with damage to the lower brachial plexus

-claw hand

-forearm supinated

what is common in the glenohumeral joint dislocation

-it is almost always anterior

-damage to the axially nerve is most common

what is a colles frature

fracture to distal radius

where does the Tommy John injury occur

ulnar collateral ligament

-mostly in the anterior band

what nerve is at risk for injury in a Tommy John injury

ulnar nerve

what is nursemaid's elbow

it is radial head subluxation/dislocation

what is the most commonly fractured bone

clavicle

-anterior direction

what is the most commonly fractured vertebrae

T12