GCSE Latin - Formulae for Clauses

cum clause

cum + either subjunctive

Indirect Question

verb of questioning + question word + either subjunctive

Purpose Clause (ut)

ut/ne + imperfect subjunctive

Purpose Clause (ad)

ad + gerundive

Indirect Command

verb of commanding + ut/ne + imperfect subjunctive

Indirect Command (iubere)

iubere + accusative + infinitive

Result Clause

signpost word + ut/ut non + resulting action in subjunctive

Time how long

Accusative case, cardinal numbers

Time when

Ablative case, ordinal numbers

Time within which

Ablative case, cardinal numbers

Ablative Absolute

ablative (pro)noun + ablative participle

How do you better translate an ablative absolute with a present participle?

When/ while

How do you better translate an ablative absolute with a PPP/PAP

When/ after/ since

Fearing clause

verb of fearing + ne + subjunctive

How should you translate ne in a fearing clause?

lest

Indirect Statement

accusative + infinitive