chapter 2: Understanding movement preparations

perception

process by which meaning attached to sensory information

information processing model

sensory input --> integration --> motor output -->

ecological approach

affordances "invitation for action", possibilities of environment/ task in relation to recieves capabilities, perception of environment/ task in terms of action perceiver can potentially exert on

ecological approach to perception

views in relation between perception and action as circular relationship between action and perception

raction time

time between stimulus presented and initiation of a response, time it takes to respond, stimulus or go signal is the indication to act

ex: dodging, catching, driving, balance, sprinting

Hicks Law

choice reaction time logarithmically related to the numbre of response choice alternatives

- more choices= longer reaction time, time increased performance decrease

simple reaction time

a measurement of how quickly someone can respond to a stimulus

Choice Reaction time

Time to respond to one of two or more stimuli. For example, in the Donders experiment, subjects had to make one response to one stimulus and a different response to another stimulus.

controlling levels of uncertainty

Increased uncertainty leads to delayed or inaccurate responses (Hick's Law)

Practitioners should be aware of strategies that can reduce uncertainty

event anticipation

what will occur

temoral anticipation

when will occur

precues

subtle changes that are observed and use to anticipate

deception

false preques "fake"

disguise

hiding your precues "pokerface"

fore period

Time difference between cue and stimulus

psychological refractory period

delay in time caused by a fake, time to corect

stimulus response compatibility

stimulus and its required response are naturally related, stimulus to reaction comp is low: additional time to prepare a response

Decision Making vs. Movement Execution

Response delays may be the result of slow decision making, slow movement execution or a combination of both