Cardiovascular System

Briefly distinguish between arteries, veins, and capillaries based on their functions

Arteries - Carry blood AWAY from the heart

Veins - Carry blood TOWARDS the heart

Capillaries - Connects arteries and veins; site of nutrient exchange

When you hear lub dub, what are you actually hearing during each sound?

The snapping shut of the hearts valves

Explain the causes and appearances of varicose veins, including hemorrhoids

Both develop when weakened or damaged one way vein valves allow blood to pool and increase pressure inside the blood vessels

Varicose veins; typically found on legs, twisted cords sitting beneath skin surface

Hemorrhoids; located inside lower rectum or outside anal opening, small swollen, inflamed blood vessels

Distinguish between the shapes and the cusps of the AV Alves and the SL valves

AV valve cusps are triangular, pointed, flaplike cusps

SL valve cusps are cup or pocket shaped cusps with a half moon outline

Explain how pulmonary veins and arteries differ from the other arteries and veins in the body

Pulmonary arteries carry oxygen poor blood from the heart to the lungs; most arteries carry O2 rich blood

Pulmonary veins carry oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the heart; most veins carry O2 poor blood