General Biology Lab Practical 1 Ultimate Study Guide

Origin of the Metric System

Conceived and designed in France during the 18th century to establish a standardized measurement framework.

International System of Units (SI)

Formally designated system established in 1875 to standardize measurements globally, based on the metric system.

Base Unit for Length

The meter (m) serves as the standard unit of length in the metric system.

Base Unit for Mass

The gram (g) is the primary base unit for measuring mass in the metric system.

Base Unit for Liquid Volume

The liter (L) is the standard unit for liquid capacity in the metric system.

Temperature Unit in Metric

Celsius (°C) is used to measure temperature in the metric system.

Decade When the Treaty of the Meter was Ratified

1875.

Transformation in Temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius

Celsius can be found using the formula °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9.

Commonly Used Prefix for 0.001

Milli (m).

Smallest Metric Prefix

Nano (n), equivalent to 10^{-9}.

Conversion of 1 meter in inches

1 meter is approximately 39.4 inches.

Conversion Process for Smaller to Larger Metric Units

Requires division; shift decimal point to the left.

Conversion Process for Larger to Smaller Metric Units

Requires multiplication; shift decimal point to the right.

Example of Converting 1 meter to kilometers

0.001 km.

Controlled Variable in Experimental Design

Quantities held constant across experimental and control groups to isolate the independent variable.

Falsifiability of a Hypothesis

The property that allows a hypothesis to be proven false through empirical data.

Primary Function of Insulin

To enable cells to import and utilize circulating blood glucose.

Fall of 95% of Biological Life

Caused by hydrogen sulfide toxicity during the Permian-Triassic extinction event.

Visualizing Cellular Structures

The compound light microscope can visualize structures in the micrometer (μm) range.

Color Change in the Biuret Assay for Proteins

From blue to lavender/purple indicates protein presence.

Caloric Density of Carbohydrates

4 Calories per gram.

Caloric Density of Lipids

9 Calories per gram, providing more energy compared to carbohydrates and proteins.

Benidict's Assay Positive Result

Color shift from blue to green, yellow, orange, or brick-red indicates reducing sugars.

Superiority of Graduated Cylinders

Used for precise liquid measurements over beakers.

Monomers of Proteins

Amino acids.

Biomolecule Classification for Butter

Butter is a lipid (fat), not a carbohydrate.

All sugars are carbohydrates; true or false?

True; all sugars are carbohydrates, but not all carbohydrates are sugars.

Effect of Elevated Temperature on Solubility of Gases

As temperature increases, the solubility of gases in liquids decreases.

Vinegar Eels Classification

Belong to Domain Eukarya and Kingdom Animalia (Phylum Nematoda), being multicellular organisms.

Macromolecule Providing Rapid Energy

Carbohydrates supply rapid chemical energy.

Lipid Emulsification Agent

Bile salts act as biological detergents for lipid emulsification.