Psychology Exam 1

Psychology Definition

the scientific study of the mind and behavior

Biological

Neuroscience, sensation, consciousness

Cognitive

cognitive, memory, perception, intelligence

Developmental

learning, life span, language

Social and Personality

social, personality, emotion, multicultural, gender, motivation

Psychiatry

-medical doctor

-prescribe medications

-treat physical causes

Counseling

-therapy to help cope with problems

-promote social functioning

clinical psychology

-assessment and treatment of psych disorders

-research orientation

The scientific Method

1. Theory

2. Form a hypothesis

3. collect data

4. analyze the data

5. interpret results

positive correlation

SAME direction

Negative correclation

OPPISITE direction

positive

0 to 1

Negative

-1 to 0

Zero

no relationship

Random Selection

every member has an equal chance of being selected

Independent Variable

-manipulated

-does the causing

WEIRD

Western

Educated

Industrialized

Rich

Democratic

Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932)

-black people were tested for syphilis

-unethical

The Belmont Report

1.Principle of respect for others

-people voluntary participate

2.Principle of Beneficence

-Protects participants from harm

3.Principle of Justice

-equal distribution between participants/benefits

DataWISE

W-is it worthy of attention

I-inspect the data

S-does this make sense

E-what emotion is activated

Biological Psychology

The study of the connection between biology and behavior

Frontal Lobe

-reasoning, planning, problem solving, speech, motor control, smell

Temporal lobe

-sound

-speech

Occipital lobe

-vision

-damage causes blindness

Parietal lobe

-pain and sensation

-left from right

Cerebellum

-coordination

-balance

Limbic system

-motivation

-emotion

Thalamus

sensory switchboard

Hypothalamus

Regulates and maintains body homeostasis

Hippocampus

processing conscious memories

Amygdala

-fear and rage

-stores emotional memories

Brain Plasticity

-the brains ability to adapt

-younger=greater plasticity

Neurons

-individual nerve cells

-receive, integrate, and transmit chemical signals

Soma/cell body

control center (nucleus)

Axon terminal

signals leave neuron

Dendrites

receive information from other cells and send to soma

Axon

receives signals from soma and transmits it to other neurons

Myelin Sheath

insulates axon, increases speed of signals

Monoamines

Serotonin

norepinephrine

dopamine

dysregulation=depression

Serotonin

-regulates aggression, sleep, wakefulness, hunger, and mood

-ecstasy, MDMA, Molly

Norepinephrine

mood and arousal

low=ADHD

Dopamine

-pleasure, satisfaction, and voluntary movement

Acetylcholine

-attention, arousal, memory, and voluntary movement

Endorphins

-pain relief, response to stress, and pleasure

Oxytocin

-”love” hormone