Floriculture Test 2019

FFA Competition

Wreaths, garlands, loose flowers and petals were the floral design styles used during which historical floral period?

A. Greek and Roman

B. Victorian

C. Art Deco

D. Art Nouveau

Greek and Roman

Which historical period includes floral design styles that were massed, rounded and fan shaped?

A. Egyptian

B. Art Deco

C. American Colonial

D. Oriental

American Colonial

Which principal of design is defined as ‘a oneness or being complete in itself’ ?

A. Harmony

B. Unity

C. Proportion

D. Line

Unity

What color adaptation is created by adding gray to a pure hue?

A. Chroma

B. Tint

C. Tone

D. Shade

Tone

Which color scheme or color harmony includes hues that are adjacent to each other on the color wheel?

A. Complementary

B. Analogous

C. Monochromatic

D. Triadic

Analogous

When an arrangement is too small for its surroundings, it is said to be out of _______.

A. Harmony

B. Tone

C. Rhythm

D. Proportion

Proportion

Which color harmony used two hues that are directly opposite to each other on the color wheel?

A. Complementary

B. Analogous

C. Monochromatic

D. Triadic

Complementary

An appropriate lightweight wire to use for corsage construction is:

A. #18 gauge

B. #9 gauge

C. #22 gauge

D. #28 gauge

#28 gauge

Chrysanthemums, Asters, Daisies, and other flat-faced flowers are wired for corsages using what piercing method?

A. Pierce

B. Hook-Wiring

C. Stitch

D. Clutch or Wrap-Around

Hook-Wiring

Which item is a floral piece worn by a man and typically on the right-side jacket lapel, near the buttonhole?

A. Corsage

B. Wristlet

C. Boutonniere

D. Clutch

Boutonniere

Which of the following elements of design allows each flower form to have its own individual importance?

A. Depth

B. Space

C. Form

D. Line

Space

Which bouquet style would be best for a full wedding gown with a long train?

A. Tussy Mussy

B. Cascading

C. Resentation

D. Round Cluster

Cascading

A Hogarth Curve floral design is created by

A. An “O” Shape

B. A “C” Shape

C. A “S” Shape

D. A “H” Shape

A “S” Shape

Clogged stems in cut flowers are caused by an air embolism. An air embolism is

A. Where disease organisms move into the flower from the air clogging the stem.

B. Where a bubble of air enters the xylem preventing water from reaching the flower.

C. Where the different between room and flower cooler temperature clog the stem.

D. Where the flower stem clogs when the flower cooler temperature drops below 36 degrees f.

Where a bubble of air enters the xylem preventing water from reaching the flower.

Which wiring method should be used for carnations when they are to be used in corsages and boutonnieres?

A. Piercing

B. Clutch

C. Hook

D. Stitch

Piercing

The part of the plant stem that produces all new cells is the

A. Heartwood

B. Xylem

C. Phloem

D. Cambium

Cambium

In the following list of pesticides the ________________ must be mixed with water to apply.

A. Emulsifiable Concentrate

B. Granules

C. Dusts

D. Baits

Emulsifiable Concentrates

An acid loving crop grows best at a pH of _______.

A. 6.8-7.4

B. 6.2-6.8

C. 4.5-5.8

D. 5.8-6.2

4.5-5.8

Auxins and gibberellic acid are hormones in plants that promote growth through ________________.

A. Cell Division

B. Cell Enlargement

C. Cell Specialization

D. Cell Protection

Cell Enlargement

Double layer poly should have how much space between layers for proper inflation and full insulation?

A. 1 inch

B. 12-14 inches

C. At least 2 feet

D. 6-8 inches

6-8 inches

In a horticulture business, the product you choose to produce and retail should be at what price above the total production and marketing costs (all fixed and variable costs) to make it feasible to produce and see?

A. 100%

B. 150%

C. 250%

D. 500%

250%

The amount of light a plant receives greatly influences root growth, shoot growth, and flowering. The highest quality greenhouse plants need ____________ foot candles of light per year?

A. 500-1,000

B. 2,000-3,000

C. 4,000-6,000

D. 7,000-8,000

4,000-6,000

Botrytis often presents itself on flowers as gray mold. This disease is caused by a(an) ____________.

A. Fungus

B. Virus

C. Bacteria

D. Environmental Condition

Fungus

The _________ container is ½ as high as it is wide.

A. Standard pot

B. Bulb pan

C. Azalea pot

D. Mum pot

Bulb pan

Greenhouse production often requires insecticides to be sprayed to prevent insect damage on flowers. Insecticides that are applied in gaseous form are _______________.

A. Systemic

B. Fumigants

C. Contact

D. Repellants

Fumigants

Rubber plants are commonly reproduced through an asexual propagation method known as ________________, which is pictured here.

A. Air layering

B. Compound layering

C. Whip or tongue grafting

D. Cleft grafting

Air Layering

Most plants grow best in the 40-80 percent relative _____ range. This is the amount of moisture that is contained in the air surrounding the plant.

A. Foot Candles

B. Particles

C. Humidity

D. Dew Point

Humidity

One popular way of identifying plants is to observe their leaf ____________; which will tell a person if the leaves are opposite, alternate, whorled, etc.

A. Arrangement

B. Margins

C. Shape

D. Forms

Arrangement

A growing media amendment that is grown primarily in marshes, bogs, or swamps and has a high-water holding capacity is known as __________.

A. Perlite

B. Vermiculite

C. Sand

D. Peat Moss

Peat Moss

In order to have a year-round supply of cut flowers, such as Tulips and Crocus , that grow from bulbs; greenhouse growers are known to _____ bulbs. This means they plant bulbs out of season and grow them in a cold or refrigerated area for 10-12 weeks.

A. Force

B. Fertilize

C. Prune

D. Divide

Force

The waxy coating on the outside of a leaf, called the ____________, serves to prevent excessive water loss from the leaf tissues.

A. Petiole

B. Stoma

C. Cuticle

D. Vein

Cuticle

When a plant is showing signs of ____________ deficiency, you might notice the leaves turning a dark to reddish leaf color.

A. Nirtogen

B. Phosphorous

C. Potassium

D. Sunlight

Phosphorous

The item “Labeled X” om the figure below, is the __________, which attaches a leaf to the stem.

A. Petiole

B. Stipule

C. Midrib

D. Apex

(I cannot find the right picture but this may help on the test)

Petiole

The _____________ civilization is credited with being one of the first cultures to use floral arrangements in their homes.

A. American

B. Greek

C. European

D. Egyptian

Egyptian

The height of an arrangement should be at least _____ times the container's greatest dimension.

A. ½
B. 1 ½

C. 3

D. 5

1 ½

Flowers, such as Baby’s Breath or Aster, are commonly referred to as ___________ flowers in floral arrangements.

A. Texture

B. Focal

C. Filler

D. Form

Filler

Which of the following greenhouse substrate components is derived from volcanic rock?

A. Vermiculite

B. Perlite

C. Peat

D. Bark Medium

Perlite

Which of the following flowers could be used as a focal point in a floral design?

A. Wax Flower

B. Bird-of-paradise

C. Miniature Carnation

D. Leatherleaf Fern

Bird-of-paradise

The primary benefit(s) of shading a greenhouse is (are):

A. To keep the greenhouse temperatures lower

B. To reduce the light intensity

C. To reduce pest populations

D. A and B

A and B

The process of ___________ is when a plant loses water through stomata.

A. Transduction

B. Translocation

C. Transpiration

D. None of the above

Transpiration

A greenhouse pest that is small with tan, feather-like wings would likely be a _____________________.

A. Fungus Gnat

B. Greenhouse Whitefly

C. Western Flower Thrip

D. Shore Fly

Western Flower Thrip

____________ is when a plant secretes a substance to inhibit growth of another plant.

A. Allelopathy

B. Anthesis

C. Transcription

D. Translation

Allelopathy

The first thing to do before applying a pesticide is ________.

A. Fill the spray tank

B. Read the label

C. Put on personal protective equipment

D. Rinse out the sprayer tank

Read the label

__________ is the development of a plant from a seed or spore.

A. Scarification

B. Stratification

C. Vernalization

D. Germination

Germination

Aluminum can affect the color of what florist’s flower?

A. Hydrangea

B. Dahlia

C. Zinnia

D. Asiatic Lily

Hydrangea

If one were to make a tint of yellow, what color would be added?

A. Black

B. Gray

C. White

D. Any of the above

White

Which of the following could be used to preserve or dry flowers and foliage?

A. Silica gel

B. Sand

C. Glycerin

D. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following would be a direct cost in a floral shop?

A. Cut flowers in the cooler

B. Insurance for the shop’s building

C. Energy bills

D. Membership fee for FTD

Cut flowers in the cooler

The following is not a characteristic of an insect:

A. Two tentacles

B. Six legs

C. Two pairs of wings

D. Three body segments

Two tentacles

Most indoor foliage plants need which kind of lighting?

A. Direct Sunlight

B. Bright indirect light

C. Medium light

D. Bright light

Bright indirect light