Med Term Midterm

Which of the following options describes a laceration?

a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut

A/An ____ is an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body.

fistula

What does ERYTHR/O mean in the term erythrocyte?

red

The abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries is called

arteriosclerosis

What is the medical term for the invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism?

infection

Any disease of the stomach is known as

gastrosis.

Which of the following options describes a fissure?

a groove or crack-like sore of the skin

The term _____ means pertaining to a virus.

viral

______ is a pounding or racing heart.

Palpitation

The term meaning wound or injury is ______.

trauma

The term meaning above or outside the ribs is

supracostal

A word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term is known as a(n) _____.

acronym

The term meaning a feeling of general discomfor or uneasiness is .

malaise

A fever is considered to be a

sign

______is the study of disorders of the newborn.

neonatology

What does the suffix -OTOMY in the term pyelotomy mean?

surgical incision

A/An _______ diagnosis is also known as a rule out.

differential

The medical term _____ describes an inflammation of the stomach.

gastritis

Lower-than-normal blood pressure is called ________.

hypotension

The formation of pus is called

suppuration

Which hospital unit focuses on diagnosing and treating life-threatening emergency medical conditions?

emergency room

The body is divided into equal vertical left and right halves by the ________ plane.

midsagittal

A genetic disorder affecting the connective tissue throughout the body is known as

Marfan syndrome

The __________ secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

endocrine glands

The location of the stomach is _______ to the diaphragm.

inferior

The body is divided into superior and inferior portions by the _________ plane

transverse

Which major body cavity is located along the back of the body and head?

dorsal cavity

The term meaning situated in the back is

posterior

When a _____ gene is inherited from either parent, the offspring will inherit that genetic trait or characteristic.

dominant

The microscopic study of tissues is known as

histology

Which region is located below the stomach?

hypogastric region

____________ is a genetic variation that is associated with characteristic facial appearance, learning disabilities, and physical abnormalities such as heart valve disease.

Down syndrome

Which medical term refers to a hospital-acquired infection?

nosocomial infection

A specialist in the laboratory analysis of diseased tissue samples is a/an

pathologist

Part of the elbow is formed by the end of the humerus.

distal

The term ______ region refers to the parts of the abdomen located near the inward curve of the spine.

lumbar

Which genetic disorder is caused by changes in the gene that usually makes a protein needed for normal brain development?

Fragile X syndrome

The brain is surrounded and protected by the cavity

cranial

The term meaning situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure is _________

proximal

A ________________ works under the supervision of a RN to provide basic patient care.

certified nursing assistant

Which disease is characterized by defective bone growth in children as a result of a lack of vitamin D?

rickets

Stiffness of the joints, especially in the elderly, is known as

arthrosclerosis

A/An ______ bone marrow transplant uses bone marrow from a donor.

allogenic

The surgical removal of a portion of the skull to relieve increased intracranial pressure is a/an

decompressive craniectomy 

Which bone is a flat, dagger-shaped bone located in the middle of the chest?

sternum

A small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive impact is called a/an ______ fracture

stress

The surgical or accidental removal of a limb is known as

amputation

The condition known as ___________ is also known as a slipped or ruptured disk

herniated disk

is a pulling force exerted on a limb to return a bone or joint to normal alignment.

Traction

An abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine is known as

lordosis.

A chronic bone disease that is characterized by the abnormal breakdown of bone followed by abnormal bone formation is known as

Paget’s disease

Which of the following options describes a Baker's cyst?

a fluid-filled sac behind the knee

The surgical use of transplanted bone to repair and rebuild damaged bones is known as .

bone grafting

The medical term for an autoimmune disorder that causes stiffness, pain, joint swelling, and slowed growth in children ages 16 or younger is

juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Which statement describes clubfoot?

any congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus

Which of the following options describes a pathologic fracture?

a fracture in which the bone is weakened by a disease process and breaks under normal strain

A medical term for the condition commonly known as frozen shoulder is .

adhesive capsulitis

A type of cancer that occurs in blood-making plasma cells found in the red bone marrow is known as

multiple myeloma

The replacement of a worn or failed implant is known as

revision surgery

A medical specialist who uses traditional forms of medical treatment in addition to treating health problems by spinal manipulation is a/an

osteopath

The_________ muscle moves the head and shoulder blade.

trapezius

A/An ________ is the protrusion of tissue through a weak area in the muscle.

hernia

Which term describes pain in the ball of the foot caused by an inflamed nerve?

Morton's neuroma

A benign, fluid-filled lump on the outer surface of the wrist or hand is known as a/an

ganglion cyst

A _______________is a drug that is administered to relax certain muscles and relieve the pain caused by muscle injuries.

muscle relaxant

An injury to a joint which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn is known as a/an

sprain

The term ____________ means a syndrome caused by muscle injury that can lead to renal failure.

rhabdomyolysis

The term ________________ refers to an exam also known as a knee-jerk test

deep tendon reflexes

A stiff neck due to a spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles is known as ________ or wryneck.

torticollis

What is the medical term for the inflammation of tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of a joint?

overuse tendinitis

The suffix -PARESIS in the term myoparesis means

partial or incomplete paralysis

The overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit is known as

hyperextension

Which of the following options describes the gluteus maximus muscle?

muscle that is the largest muscle of the buttock

Inflamed and swollen tendons caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint cause the condition known as

impingement syndrome

A/An _________ injury can be a strain or tear on any of the three muscles that straighten the hip and bend the knee.

hamstring

The physical therapy technique that uses high frequency sound waves to treat muscle injuries is known as

therapeutic ultrasound

Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest is known as

intermittent claudication

What is the medical term for an overuse injury causing pain, usually just above the knee joint?

iliotibial band syndrome

What does the term lateralis mean?

toward the side

The condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement is known as

dystonia

What is the medical term for damage to the heart muscle from a blood clot in a coronary artery?

coronary thrombosis

The medication ____________ is prescribed to prevent or relieve the pain of angina by dilating the blood vessels to the heart.

nitroglycerin

A/An ____________is a drug administered to lower high blood pressure.

antihypertensive

In _____________ tachycardia, there is an episode of very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate at or above the AV node.

supraventricular

The abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely is known as a/an

mitral valve prolapse.

What is another name for a low white blood cell count?

leukopenia

The use of a low voltage electrical shock to restore a normal heart rhythm in a non-emergency situation is known as

synchronized cardioversion

What is the medical term for the removal of whole blood from the body and separation of its cellular elements?

plasmapheresis

The highest pressure against the walls of an artery is _________ pressure, and it occurs when the ventricles contract.

systolic

A bacterial infection of the lining or valves of the heart is known as

infective endocarditis

The diagnostic procedure that produces images of the structures of the blood vessels and the flow of blood through these vessels is known as

duplex ultrasound

Which of the following are specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles?

Purkinje fibers

The inherited blood disorder characterized by reduced hemoglobin and fewer red blood cells than normal is known as

thalassemia

A congenital or acquired arrhythmia caused by the electrical signal moving through the heart being partially or completely blocked from reaching the ventricles is described as

heart block

How does a vasoconstrictor work?

It causes the blood vessels to narrow.

___________________ cholesterol is also known as bad cholesterol.

low-density lipoprotein

A severe immune response that occurs because a patient's blood and the donated blood do not match is known as a/an

transfusion reaction

A/An ____________relaxes the heart and blood vessels by decreasing the movement of calcium into the cells of these structures.

calcium-channel blocker

Plasma with the clotting proteins and blood cells removed is known as

serum

The systemic condition often associated with severe infections caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream is known as

sepsis