Reproductive System

Female Ovaries produce and .

gametes; sex hormones

In females, the __ is homologous to the male glans of the penis.

clitoris

The labia majora in females is homologous to the male __.

scrotum

During puberty, males produce around __ sperm a day.

100 million

The hypothalamus releases _ hormone which initiates puberty.

Gonadotropin-releasing

The hormone that stimulates egg development in females is called __-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Follicle

The segment of the female reproductive system that connects to the vagina is called the __.

cervix

Meiosis produces __ genetically diverse gametes.

four

The primary oocyte is arrested in __ of meiosis before puberty.

prophase I

Each human somatic cell contains __ pairs of chromosomes.

23

During __ phase of the uterine cycle, the functional layer is shed.

menstrual

The __ phase follows ovulation in the ovarian cycle.

luteal

In the male, the tunica albuginea surrounds the __.

testes

The site of sperm maturation and storage is the __.

epididymis

The __ is the hormone primarily responsible for secondary male characteristics.

testosterone

The scrotum helps regulate the temperature necessary for __ production.

sperm

The primary reproductive organ of males is the __.

testes

The two paired glands that secrete lubricating mucin in males are called __ glands.

bulbourethral

Spermatogenesis occurs in the __ tubules of the testes.

seminiferous

The __ phase of the ovarian cycle lasts roughly 13 days.

follicular

The secondary oocyte is released during __.

ovulation

The __ is a structure formed from a ruptured follicle after ovulation.

corpus luteum

Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates __ production in males.

testosterone

The external genitalia in females is collectively referred to as the __.

vulva

A mature follicle contains a secondary oocyte and __ cells.

granulosa

The anal triangle contains the __ opening.

anal

The __ phase of female sexual response involves increased blood flow to the genitalia.

excitement

During orgasm, the vagina and uterus undergo rhythmic __.

contractions

Ejection of semen occurs during the __ phase in males.

orgasm

The male reproductive tract includes a complex set of __, glands, and the penis.

ducts

The anterior vesicouterine pouch is located between the __ and uterus.

urinary bladder

The membranous urethra is surrounded by the __ sphincter.

external

The corpus albicans is a degenerated form of the __ luteum.

corpus

The ovarian ligament anchors the ovary to the __ wall of the uterus.

lateral

The __ is the hollow muscular organ where a zygote can implant.

uterus

Segments of the uterine tube include the infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and __ part.

uterine

Meiosis consists of __ stages: Meiosis I and Meiosis II.

two

The greater vestibular gland secretes mucin for __ in females.

lubrication

In the menstrual cycle, the secretory phase is influenced by __ levels after ovulation.

progesterone

The __ is the muscular layer of the uterus.

myometrium

The __ phase of the uterine cycle lasts from day 1 to day 5.

menstrual

The __ is a crucial structure for the regulation of the menstrual cycle.

corpus luteum

The oocyte is released through the process of __ during ovulation.

rupture

Ovulation typically occurs around day __ of the ovarian cycle.

14

The __ tube is where fertilization usually happens.

uterine

The process of sperm maturation that occurs within the epididymis is called __.

spermiogenesis

The muscle layer surrounding the vagina allows for expansion during __.

childbirth

The __ is a tubular passage that connects the uterus and vagina.

cervix

The cells that provide nourishment to developing sperm are called __ cells.

Sertoli

During meiosis I, homologous pairs of chromosomes are __ apart.

separated

The genetic information in the head of the sperm is contained in the __.

nucleus

The _ phase contains the menstrual, proliferative, and secretory stages.

uterine cycle

Ovulation involves the release of a __ oocyte from the ovary.

secondary

The scrotum regulates the temperature of the __.

testes

The circular muscle that surrounds the urethra is the __ sphincter.

external

The __ phase of the ovarian cycle is when the corpus luteum forms.

luteal

In females, the uterine tube has __ to help transport oocytes.

cilia

The __ is the birth canal during delivery.

vagina

A decrease in estrogen and progesterone during the menstrual cycle leads to __.

menstruation

The primary oocyte development begins in __.

fetal life

The process of forming gametes in testes is called __.

spermatogenesis

The __ phase follows ovulation in the ovarian cycle, preparing the uterus for potential implantation.

luteal

The __ is the largest part of the uterus, forming the bulk of the organ.

body

The __ is the external portion of the clitoris containing many nerve endings.

glans

Mitosis produces two identical __ cells, while meiosis produces gametes.

daughter

The outer layer of the uterus is called the __.

perimetrium

The __ level drops leading to the shedding of the endometrial lining.

hormone

The tunica albuginea surrounds the __ in males.

testes

Uterine tubes are composed of mucosa, muscularis, and __.

serosa

Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates sperm production is __.

FSH

The estrogen levels peak right before __ occurs.

ovulation

Birth is associated with an increase in __ levels, causing uterine contractions.

oxytocin

The tiny ducts of lobules in the mammary gland merge into larger channels called __ ducts.

lactiferous

The greater vestibular glands are responsible for secreting __.

lubrication

The male reproductive system includes the penis, scrotum, and __.

testes

The __ helps anchor the uterus to the lateral pelvic walls.

transverse cervical ligaments

Mitosis ensures a continuous supply of spermatogonia during __.

spermatogenesis

The _ is the lining of the uterus that is shed during menstruation.

endometrium

The urogenital folds in males develop into the __.

shaft of the penis

The __ tubes transport sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.

ductus deferens

The hormone that prepares the uterine lining for implantation is __.

progesterone

The ejaculation duct is formed by the union of the __ and the ductus deferens.

seminal vesicle

The internal os of the canal opens into the uterine cavity.

cervical

The __ mullein ducts form into structures in females.

paramesonephric

The clitoris is primarily made up of __ tissue.

erectile

The __ phase follows the excitement phase in the female sexual response.

orgasm

The average menstrual cycle lasts about __ days.

28

The vascular connection between the placenta and the mother occurs in the __.

uterus

The notching of the urogenital triangle is defined by the position of the __.

pubic symphysis.

The hormone that stimulates ovulation in females is called __.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)