PT Anatomy 2 - Elbow, Forearm, and Hand

Pronator teres origin

Humeral head: by common flexor tendon proximally to medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head: medial aspect of coronoid process, distal to attachment of flexor digitorum profundus

Pronator teres insertion

Midway along lateral shaft of radius

Pronator teres innervation

Median nerve (C6, C7)

Pronator teres blood supply

Branch of radial and ulnar artery

Pronator teres action

Pronates the arm, secondary elbow flexor

Pronator teres humeral head

Pronator teres ulnar head

Flexor carpi radialis origin

By common flexor tendon on medial epicondyle, adjacent to intermuscular septum and antebrachial fascia

Flexor carpi radialis insertion

2nd metacarpal on palmar aspect and a slip to third metacarpal

Flexor carpi radialis innervation

Median nerve (C6, C7)

Flexor carpi radialis blood supply

Branch of radial and ulnar artery

Flexor carpi radialis action

Flexes wrist, abducts hand (radial deviation)

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus origin

By common flexor tendon on medial epicondyle, adjacent to intermuscular septum and antebrachial fascia

Palmaris longus insertion

Flexor retinaculum at wrist and palmar aponeurosis of hand

Palmaris longus innervation

Median nerve (C7, C8)

Palmaris longus blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Palmaris longus action

Flexes wrist, tenses palmar aponeurosis

Palmaris longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin

Humeral head: by common flexor tendon on medial epicondyle
Ulnar head: medial margin of olecranon, proximal 2/3 of posterior border of ulna

Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion

Pisohamate ligament on pisiform and hamate bones, pisometacarpal ligament on 5th metacarpal

Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation

Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)

Flexor carpi ulnaris blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Flexor carpi ulnaris action

Flexes wrist, adducts hand (ulnar deviation)

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexor digitorum superficialis origin

Humeroulnar head: by common flexor tendon on medial epicondyle, ulnar collateral ligament, intermuscular septum, and medial aspect of coronoid process of ulna, proximal to pronator teres

Radial head: oblique line of anterior radial border

Flexor digitorum superficialis insertion

4 tendons to middle phalanges of digits 2-5 along the sides of shaft

Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)

Flexor digitorum superficialis blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Flexor digitorum superficalis action

Flexes metacarpal phalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5, flexes wrist

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor digitorum profundus origin

Anterior and medial surfaces along proximal 3/4 ulna, medial aspect of coronoid process, proximal 3/4 of posterior border of ulna, and medial 1/2 of interosseous membrane

Flexor digitorum profundus insertion

Palmar aspect of bases of distal phalanges

Flexor digitorum profundus innervation

Lateral half: anterior interosseous nerve (C8, T1)
Medial half: ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Flexor digitorum profundus blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Flexor digitorum profundus action

Flexes distal interphalangeal joint of digits 2-5, secondarily flexes proximal interphalangeal and metacarpal phalangeal joint of digits 2-5 and wrist

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor pollicis longus origin

Anterior surface of radius between tuberosity and pronator quadratus, adjacent to interosseous membrane

Flexor pollicis longus insertion

Distal phalanx of thumb on palmar aspect

Flexor pollicis longus innervation

Anterior interosseous nerve (C8, T1)

Flexor pollicis longus blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Flexor pollicis longus action

Flexes interphalangeal joint of thumb

Flexor pollicis longus

Pronator quadratus origin

Oblique ridge of anterior surface of ulna

Pronator quadratus insertion

Anterior border and surfaces of radius along distal fourth

Pronator quadratus innervation

Anterior interosseous nerve (C8, T1)

Pronator quadratus blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Pronator quadratus action

Pronates forearm, opposes separation of ulna and radius

Pronator quadratus

Anconeus origin

Posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus

Anconeus insertion

Annular ligament, lateral aspect of olecranon, proximal fourth of posterior surface of ulnar shaft

Anconeus innervation

Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

Anconeus blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Anconeus action

Assists in elbow extension

Anconeus

Brachioradialis origin

Superior 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus, lateral to intermuscular septum

Brachioradialis insertion

Distal aspect of lateral surface of radius, proximal to styloid process

Brachioradialis innervation

Radial nerve (C5, C6)

Brachioradialis blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Brachioradialis action

Flexes elbow

Brachioradialis

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin

Inferior third of supracondylar ridge, intermuscular septum, and by common extensor tendon on lateral epicondyle

Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

Base of 2nd metacarpal on dorsolateral aspect

Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation

Radial nerve (C6, C7)

Extensor carpi radialis longus blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

Extends wrist, abducts hand (radial deviation)

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

By common extensor tendon on lateral epicondyle, radial collateral ligament, adjacent to intermuscular septum

Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

Base of 3rd metacarpal on dorsolateral aspect

Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

Deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8)

Extensor carpi radialis brevis blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Extensor carpi radialis brevis action

Extends wrist, abducts hand (radial deviation)

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extensor digitorum communis origin

By common extensor tendon on lateral epicondyle, adjacent to intermuscular septum, and antebrachial fascia

Extensor digitorum communis insertion

Dorsal digital expansion of digits 2-5

Extensor digitorum communis innervation

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

Extensor digitorum communis blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Extensor digitorum communis action

Extends metacarpal phalangeal and interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5 via dorsal digital expansion, extends wrist

Extensor digitorum (communis)

Extensor digiti minimi origin

By common extensor tendon on lateral epicondyle and adjacent to antebrachial fascia

Extensor digiti minimi insertion

Dorsal digital expansion of fifth digit

Extensor digiti minimi innervation

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

Extensor digiti minimi blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Extensor digiti minimi action

Extends fifth digit and wrist

Extensor digiti minimi

Extensor carpi ulnaris origin

By common extensor tendon on lateral epicondyle, posterior border of ulna, overlying antebrachial fascia

Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

Base of fifth metacarpal at medial tubercle

Extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

Extensor carpi ulnaris blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Extensor carpi ulnaris action

Extends wrist, adducts hand (ulnar deviation)

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Supinator origin

Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, supinator crest of ulna

Supinator insertion

Proximal third of radius along posterior and lateral surfaces

Supinator innervation

Posterior interosseous nerve (C6, C7)

Supinator blood supply

Branches of radial and ulnar artery

Supinator action

Supinates forearm

Supinator

Abductor pollicis longus origin

Middle of posterior shaft of ulna (distal to anconeus attachment), interosseous membrane, and middle third of posterior surface of radius (distal to supinator)

Abductor pollicis longus insertion

Base of first metacarpal on radial side and trapezium

Abductor pollicis longus innervation

Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)