Adam's Required AP Government Court Case Constitutional Issues and Foundational Documents

Marbury v. Madison

Article 3 Judicial Review

McCulloch v. Maryland

Necessary and Proper Clause / Supremacy Clause

Schenk v. US

1st Amendment Freedom of Speech

Brown v. Board of Education

14th Amendment equal protection clause

Engle v. Vitale

1st Amendment Establishment Clause

Baker v. Carr

14th Amendment equal protection clause

Gideon v. Wainwright

6th Amendment Right to Counsel

Tinker v. Des Moines

1st Amendment Freedom of Expression

NY Times v. US

1st Amendment Freedom of the Press

Wisconsin v. Yoder

1st Amendment Free Exercise Clause

Shaw v. Reno

14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause

United States v. Lopez

Article 1, Section 8, Commerce Clause

Citizens United v. FEC

1st Amendment Freedom of Speech

McDonald v. Chicago

2nd Amendment, 14th Amendment, Due Process Clause

Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson - Reasons to Separate from Great Britain

Articles of Confederation

Continental Congress - Creates the 1st national government. No taxation, no executive, no judicial, no interstate commerce regulation, and no binding treaties.

Brutus No. 1

Robert Yates - Constitution made the Federal Government too strong. Argues against Necessary and Proper Clause, Supremacy, and a large republic.

Federalist No. 10

James Madison - Political Factions are inevitable but a large republic prevents one gaining dominant control.

Federalist No. 51

James Madison - Constitutional structure designed to prevent abuse of power. Establishes checks and balances and separation of powers.

Federalist No. 39

James Madison - Government is national and federal and its power comes from the people.

Federalist No. 70

Alexander Hamilton - Executive Branch needs power to carry out its responsibilities. 1 strong president.

Federalist No. 78

Alexander Hamilton - Judiciary needs independence and the Constitution has the highest supreme authority.

Emancipation Proclamation

Abraham Lincoln - Changes legal status of slaves in the south and adds ending slavery as Union military objective.

Gettysburg Address

Abraham Lincoln - Civil war is a test if the country based on liberty and equality can survive

Letter from a Birmingham Jail

Martin Luther King Jr. - Why he can not wait for gradual rights and resorts to nonviolent protest.