Honors World History Study Guide Quiz 5: Lessons 5–8

Vocabulary flashcards covering British reform movements, political changes in France, U.S. expansion and Reconstruction, and the decline of European empires for Honors World History Quiz 5.

Reform Act of 1832

A British law that expanded voting rights for more men and reduced the political power of rotten boroughs.

Rotten boroughs

Electoral districts in Britain with very few voters but representation in Parliament, which often gave wealthy landowners disproportionate political influence.

Factory Act of 1833

A British law that regulated child labor in factories.

Ten Hours Act of 1847

A British law that limited working hours for women and young people in covered textile factories.

Reform Act of 1867

A British law, also known as the Second Reform Act, that extended voting rights to many working-class men in boroughs.

Chartism

A British working-class political reform movement that issued the People's Charter in 1838, advocating for improved representation and expanded voting rights.

Anti-Corn Law League

An organization that campaigned to repeal the British Corn Laws, opposed restrictions on imported grain, and supported freer trade.

Abolitionist Movement

A reform movement whose main goal was to abolish slavery, distinct from movements addressing factory conditions.

Luddism

A movement centered on resistance to certain machinery and its effects on workers.

Benjamin Disraeli

The British prime minister associated with the passage of the Second Reform Act of 1867.

Napoleon III

The emperor of France from 1852 to 1870 who ruled during the Second French Empire until his capture and defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.

Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871)

A military conflict resulting in French defeat, the capture of Napoleon III, the fall of the Second French Empire, and France's loss of Alsace-Lorraine.

Paris Commune

A radical revolutionary government established in Paris in 1871 amid the crisis following France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, which was eventually suppressed.

Dreyfus Affair

A French political scandal involving Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish army officer falsely convicted of treason, which exposed deep antisemitism and divisions in French society.

Manifest Destiny

The belief that the United States had a divine mission or destiny to expand across the North American continent, used to justify westward expansion.

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

The acquisition of territory from France by the United States under President Thomas Jefferson, which approximately doubled the size of the nation.

13th Amendment

The constitutional amendment that abolished slavery in the United States, except as a punishment for a crime.

14th Amendment

The constitutional amendment that established citizenship for people born or naturalized in the United States and provided equal protection under the law.

15th Amendment

The constitutional amendment that prohibited denying the right to vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Nationalism

Loyalty or identification with a nation or people, which weakened multinational realms like the Austrian Empire as ethnic groups sought independence or self-government.

Alexander II

The Russian tsar who emancipated the serfs in 1861 and introduced modernizing reforms before being assassinated in 1881.

Emancipation of the Serfs (1861)

A major Russian reform enacted by Alexander II that gave serfs personal freedom, though complicated by redemption payments and persisting rural poverty.

The Eastern Question

The diplomatic competition over who would gain influence in the Balkan territories as the Ottoman Empire declined, particularly involving Austria-Hungary and Russia.