Week 9 - PAT - 3.12 Dysrhythmias and Basic ECGs

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what are we assessing on an ECG? (i.e. what does direction, size and duration tell us?)

ehat does an ECG measure?

describe amplitude and length of a vector on ECG

describe the placement of ECG leads

• coronal view

• cross-sectional view

compare and contrast bipolar leads and “unipolar” leads

what are the x and y axis of an ECG?

what are the 2 steps in interpreting an ECG?

how is rhythm best interpretted? compare regular and irregular

what is a normal sinus rhythm?

what do we examin intervals of an ECG for?

what do intervals of an ECG tell us?

what do we examin waves of an ECG for?

what are abnormal Q waves like?

what are abnormal ST segments?

compare the causes of ST depression and elevation

what are T waves? what are the abnormalities and what do they depend on?

what are the P wave abnormalities?

how can re-entry cause dysrhythmias?

how can ectopic foci or abnormal automaticity cause dysrhythmias?

what are the 3 ways of causing ectopic foci/abnormal automaticity?

how can triggered activity cause dysrythmias?

how can chronic inflammation cause dysrhthmias?

what is atrial fibrillation?

• risk fcators

• pathophysiology

describe the lcinical features, ECG and prognosis of atrial fibrillation?

describe atrial flutter

• pathophysiology

• ECG

• symptoms

describe sinus tachycardia

• when is it normal

• when is it concerning? what causes this?

describe paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

• what is it? what causes it?

• pathophysiology

• symptoms

what are the 2 most common types of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

what happens in AV-nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVnRT)

what happens in WPW

what does the ECG of paroxysmal supreventricular tachycardia look like?

what is premature ventricular contraction?

• what causes it?

• what happens?

what are the symptoms, prognosis and ECG findings of premature ventricular contraction?

what is idioventricular rhythm?

• what causes it

• pathophysiology

• symtpoms

• ecg findings

what is ventricular tachycardia?

• what causes it

• pathophysiology

• symtpoms

• ecg findings

what is the prognosis of ventricular tachycardia?

decribe ventricular fibrillation

• what is it?

• what causes it?

• pathophysiology

decribe ventricular fibrillation

• what are the symptoms?

• ECG findings?

decribe Torsades de pointes

• what are the symptoms?

• ECG findings?

• pathophysiology

• symptoms

what is 1st degree AV heart block? symptoms?

what is 2nd degree AV heart block? what are the types?

what are the symptoms of 2nd degree heart block

what is 3rd degree heart block

• causes?

• what happens?

what are the ECG findings of 3rd degree heart block

what are the cardiac ischemia findings on ECG?

how do class 1 antiarrhythmic drugs work?

how do class 2 antiarrhythmic drugs work?

how do class 3 antiarrhythmic drugs work?

how do class 4 antiarrhythmic drugs work?