Ethics Midterm #1

#1 most frequent ethical violation

improper or inadequate supervision or delegation

2nd most frequent ethical violation

failure to report ot respond to the BACB as required

3rd most frequent ethical violation

professionalism and integrity

True or false:

Ethical questions are the most missed questions on the BACB exam

True

3 dominant paradigms that inform clinical ethics

virtue ethics, consequentialism, deontology

Which paradigm?

Certain behaviors are "right," or "good" in and of themselves regardless of context or outcomes.

Based on the formal properties of a behavior

Virtue ethics

which paradigm?

A virtuous individual would behavior in a manner considered "good" regardless of any socially mediated consequences.

Virtue ethics

which paradigm?

The outcomes of a behavior determine whether that behavior is right or wrong

consequentialism

which paradigm asks Does the act maximize the good?

consequentialism

Which paradigm Combines the function of the behavior and the context in which behavior occurs.

Deontology

Which paradigm?

Behavior is right or wrong based on conformity to a socially derived norm of behavior

Context must be considered before deciding what is "right" or "wrong"

deontology

True or false:

Deontology combines virtue ethics and consequentialism

true

Most Well known attempt to establish basic ethical principles

the belmont report

the belmont report came about after which experiment

tuskegee

3 main principles of the belmont report

respect for persons, beneficence, justice

Which main principle of the Belmont report covers these:

-Individuals should be treated as independently functioning people

-Autonomy

-Protection from their own harmful decisions

respect for persons

Which main principle of the Belmont report covers this:

Do not harm/maximize benefits

beneficence

Which main principle of the Belmont report covers this:

Benefits and costs of health care should be fairly distributed

Justice

Which of the following is not one of the main principles that came about as a result of unethical research practices?

a. Respect for persons

b. Honesty

c. Beneficence

d. Justice

b. Honesty

Which core principle would "Actively identifying and addressing factors that might lead to conflicts of interest, misuse of their position, or negative impacts on their professional activities" fall under?

benefit others

"Conflict of interest" falls under which core principle

benefit others

Variability in participants' responses in cox (2021) was attributed to what factors?

A. Previous training

B. Personal learning history

C. Access to resource

D. Access to prior mentors

B. Personal learning history

The report findings on Sunland indicated that they started with good intentions, but concluded which behavioral phenomenon was the cause for abusive conditions?

A. Observer drift

B. Punishment

C. Extinction

D. Negative Reinforcement

A. Observer drift

True or false:

little attention has been given to variables influencing ethical choice behavior for practicing BCBAs

true

Factors affecting clinical decision-making

1. Length of _______ to make a decision

2. Amount of _______ available

3. Expertise and _________

4. Availability of ________

time; information; background, Resources

kelly et al noted that principles are important because they Help us remember _______ we are seeking certain outcomes rather than ______ we are teaching

why; what

_________ provide guidance that help us interpret, prioritize, and contextualize ethical rules (Kidder, 2005)

Principles

which researcher created these guiding principles?

1. beneficence

2. inclusion

3. professional excellence

4. self-determination

5. social justice

kelly(2020)

Rosenburg & Schwartz said:

Ethical decision making should be a _______ of systematically evaluating an ethical dilemma, considering not only the profession's ethical guidelines but also other factors that might influence an ethical decision.

process

True or false: You do not need to consider the function of behavior before implementing treatment?

false

Clients have the right to effective treatment which means that the treatments being given are ones in which:

A. Research has been conducted at some point

B. Long-term and short-term benefits to clients and society have been found

C. There is no research but the approach looks good in your own data

D. The school authorities have validated the approach

B. Long-term and short-term benefits to clients and society have been found

When accepting clients:

A. Behavior analysts can take whoever needs services to reduce harm to clients

B. BA's should only accept clients whose requested services are be commensurate with their education, training, experience, resources, and organizational policies

C. BA's should only accept clients whose requested services are commensurate with their education, training, experience, resources, and organizational policies or must function under supervision of a BA who can do these services

C. BA's should only accept clients whose requested services are commensurate with their education, training, experience, resources, and organizational policies or must function under supervision of a BA who can do these services

Which core principle

"Respecting and actively promoting clients' self-determination to the best of their abilities, particularly when providing services to vulnerable populations."

A. Benefit others

B. Treat others with Compassion, Dignity, and Respect

C. Behave with Integrity

D. Ensure their Competence

B. Treat others with Compassion, Dignity, and Respect

"The ability to maintain an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented (or open to the other) in relation to aspects of cultural identity that are most important to the person"

cultural humility

Brodhead talks about three negative outcomes from failing to practice only within one's area of competence. Which of the following is not one of these outcomes?

A. Waste of treatment time and resources

B. Misuse or misapplication of behavior analysis

C. An impacted ability to continue to practice as a BCBA.

D. An ability to expand your repertoire with clients

D. An ability to expand your repertoire with clients

True or false:

You should always use precise and technical language when speaking to others outside ABA

false

Beth asks Maya, her son's BCBA, if she would like to go see her husband's band play at a concert this week. Maya going to the concert with Beth would be a potential violation of which guideline?

A. No violation- this would be fine since it's after hours

B. Multiple Relationship

C. Conflict of interest

D. Gift Giving

B. Multiple Relationship

comingling of two or more roles

multiple relationship

personal, financial or professional considerations have the potential to influence our professional judgement

conflict of interest

We don't want to engage in a _________ _________ because it can lead to a conflict of interest

multiple relationship

Before making significant modifications to a behavior plan, behavior analysts must...

a) Tell other coworkers

b) Verbally tell the family

c) Ask the client's verbal permission

d) Get the client's approval in writing

d) Get the client's approval in writing

6 steps of behavioral systems analysis

(A.S.D.I.E.R)

analyze, specify, design, implement, evaluate, recycle

True or false:

It is up to the practitioner to set their rate for services and bill everyone the same amount, regardless of the differing maximum allowed amounts that vary by insurance company.

And Any infraction of this falls under a false claims statute, violating contracts and the law.

True

True or false:

A BCBA cannot simply adjust an individual copay because of client financial need based on their own preferences .

true

True or false:

confidentiality is just about sharing data

FALSE

true or false:

confidentiality is not just explicitly disclosing information

true

BSA stands for

behavior systems analysis

Trayvon notices his client's father repeatedly and aggressively smack his client in the head while walking into the clinic. What would be the appropriate step to take?

A. Report this incident to the BCBA

B. Report this this to relevant authorities (in this case police)

C. Tell your supervisor at the clinic

B. Report this this to relevant authorities (in this case police)

Scope of competence is based on

1. S_______

2. T________

3. E_________

4. E________

supervision, training, education, experience

Which of the following is not listed in the "benefitting others" core principle?

A. Focusing on the short- and long-term effects of their professional activities

B. Actively identifying potential and actual conflicts of interest and working to resolve them in a manner that avoids or minimizes harm

C. Respecting and actively promoting clients' self-determination to the best of their abilities, particularly when providing services to vulnerable populations

D. Effectively and respectfully collaborating with others in the best interest of those with whom they work and always putting clients' interest first

C. Respecting and actively promoting clients' self-determination to the best of their abilities, particularly when providing services to vulnerable populations

A process that allows BAs to fulfill their obligation to numerous Guidelines from the BACB Code.

evidence-based practice

Intervention that has been shown through research to be effective with a given population

Evidence supported treatment

the ability to consider options and make appropriate choices in the home, at school, at work, and during leisure time.

self-determination

Assent is

a. ethically necessary

b. legally necessary

c. unnecessary

a. ethically necessary

consent is

a. ethically necessary

b. legally necessary

c. unnecessary

b. legally necessary

Can informed consent be waived due to medical necessity

NO

True or false

informal resolutions of the BACB code are not allowed under any circumstances.

false

Determining what assistive technology device each client needs is an example of _____________.

a. Equity

b. Equality

c. Justice

a. Equity

True or False?

Before implementation, behavior analysts must verbally notify the objectives and procedures of the behavior-change intervention, timelines, and the schedule of ongoing review.

False