network fund

What are the 7 OSI layers?

Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application.

What does Layer 1 of the OSI model handle?

Physical signals, cables, connectors, bits, and electrical/optical transmission.

What does Layer 2 handle?

Ethernet frames, MAC addresses, switches, VLANs, and STP.

What does Layer 3 handle?

IP addressing, routing, packets, and routers.

What does Layer 4 handle?

TCP/UDP, ports, segmentation, reliability, and flow control.

What is a MAC address?

A unique Layer 2 hardware address used for local network communication.

What is an IP address?

A Layer 3 logical address used to identify and communicate with a device.

What is the difference between a MAC and IP address?

MAC identifies a network interface locally; IP identifies a device/interface logically across networks.

What is a broadcast domain?

A network segment where Layer 2 broadcast traffic is propagated.

What is a collision domain?

A network segment where devices could experience Ethernet collisions.

What is unicast traffic?

One sender communicating with one specific destination.

What is broadcast traffic?

One sender communicating with all devices in the local broadcast domain.

What is multicast traffic?

One sender communicating with a specific group of receivers.

What is a VLAN?

A logical Layer 2 network segment that separates traffic on switches.

What does 802.1Q do?

Adds VLAN tagging information to Ethernet frames on trunk links.

What is an access port?

A switch port assigned to one VLAN that normally sends and receives untagged frames.

What is a trunk port?

A switch port that carries multiple VLANs using VLAN tagging.

What is a native VLAN?

The VLAN used for untagged traffic on an 802.1Q trunk.

What is inter-VLAN routing?

Layer 3 routing that allows devices in different VLANs to communicate.

What is an SVI?

A Switch Virtual Interface that provides a Layer 3 interface for a VLAN.

What is a default gateway?

The router or Layer 3 interface a host uses to reach other networks.

What is a routing table?

A list of known networks and the paths used to reach them.