Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes

What does p53 do?

In response to DNA damage, stimulates cell cycle arrest to enable DNA repair and/or cell apoptosis

Is p53 an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene?

Tumor suppressor gene

What does EGFR do?

Is dimerized and cross-phosphorylated, which leads to increased cell proliferation

Is EGFR an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene?

Oncogene

What does PI3K do?

Suppresses apoptosis in tumor cells, thus increasing tumor cell proliferation

Is PI3K an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene?

Oncogene

What does RAS signaling do?

Increases RAF, MEK, and ERK1/2 signaling and stimulates transcription factors; thus increases cell proliferation

Is RAS an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene?

Oncogene

What does CTLA-4 stimulation do?

Inactivates T-cells responsible for killing tumor cells, thus increasing tumor cell growth

Is CTLA-4 an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene?

Not either (it’s immune-mediated), but analogous to an oncogene

What does PD-1 stimulation do?

Inactivates T-cells responsible for killing tumor cells, thus increasing tumor cell growth

Is PD-1 an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene?

Not either (it’s immune-mediated), but analogous to an oncogene