RT212 Network and Data Management

Computer Network

two or more objects sharing resources and information

computers, terminals, and servers that are interconnected by communication channels

·Local Area Network(LAN)

·Wide Area Network (WAN)

Ceographic Classifications:

Peer-to-Peer Network

Server-Based Network

Client-Based Network

Component Role Classification:

Local Area Network

It is a small area networked with a series of cables or wireless access points that allow computers to share information and devices on the same network

These are least expensive to install, much faster than WANs, and has the fastest

communication technology

Wide Area Network

It is a network that spans a large area

It is used to connect computers that are not physically attached but are connected thrpugh other means

Peer to Peer Network

Each computer on the network is considered equal

It is the most popular small office or home network configuration because it is the least expensive and most simple to setup

Server-Based Network

There is a centralized computer (server) that controls the operations, files, and sometimes the programs ofthe attached computers in the network

Client-Based Network

Similar to server-based network, however,the server processes as requested by the client and returns only the results back to the client

Server

Thin Client

Thick Client

There are three types of computers:

Server

lt manages resources for other computers,servers,and networked devices

Thin Client

It is a device that is found on a network that reouests services and resources from a server

Thick Client

It is a compputer that can work independently ofthe network and process and manage its own files.

Coaxial Cable

Fiber Optics Bundle

Twisted-Pair Wire

Wireless Connection

Communication Mediums:

Coaxial cable

It consists ofa center conducting wire surrounded byinsulation then a grounded shield of braided

wire.

It is the sturdiest wire used and is often found in the network infrastructure throughout a building

It is often connected to another type ofcommunication medium before it meets the device interface

Twisted-Pair Wire

It usually consists offour twistec pairs of copper wires that are insulated and bundled together

Category 5

The minimum recommended

standard of Twisted-Pair Wire is __________,and is the most commonly used connection medium in LANs

Fiber Optics Bundle

It uses olassthreads to transmit data on the network

It consists of a fiber optic core that is surrounded by a plastic protective covering

This type is much faster than its metal counterparts,but more expensive and much more fragile

Wireless Connection

The connection is made by using either infrared or radio freguencies as its means of communication

There is no physical cabling needed,but each device must contain the appropriate wireless transmitter/receiver

Network Interface Card (NIC)

It provides the physical connection between the computer and the network medium

It works with networking software to establish and manage the data, chop up data,and handle addressing issues

Network Hub

It is the simplest device that can be used to connect several pieces of equipment together for network communication purposes

It has several wiring ports available to receive and transmit data to various connected pieces of equipment

Network Switch

It is similar to a hub, but it sends data only to those devices which the data are directeed.

Network Bridge

It is sometimes created so that larger networks to reduce traffic within that network

Network Router

It can read portions of messages and direct

them to their intended target, even if the device is on a separate network and uses a different network protocol

It also helps with segmenting the network to allow access only for approved devices within that segment

Bus Network Topology

All devices are physically attached to and listen for communications on a single wire

This does not need any switches or hubs because computers broadcast and receive information down the single wire

Ring Network Topology

It is a network in which the devices are connected in a circle

The computers are connected in a circle, and a token is transmitted around the ring ("token ring")

Star Network Topology

It is a netowrk that has devices

connected to a central hub or

switch

This transmission of data may

be through another hub or

switch to an adjacent network

or directly to the device

It isthe most commonly used

network topology

Mesh Network Topology

It is a network that has multiple pathways

interconnecting devices andmnetworks

This has redundancy built in

with multiple connections

Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)

It has become an almost universally accepted standard for exchanging medical images among networked medical devices

Health Level 7 (HL7)

It is an American National Standards Institute(ANSI)- accredited Standards Developing Organization International (SDO)

It oversees most clinical and administrative data and are generally used in communication between Hls and RIS

Hospital Information System (HIS)

holds the patient's full medicalinformation, from hospital billing to the inpatient ordering system

Radiology Information System (RIS)

holds all radiology-specific patient data, from patient scheduling information to the radiologist's dictated and transcribed report