1st Semester Midterm Exam Review

Cardiovascular Endurance

The ability to persist in physical activities that rely on the heart, blood vessels, and lungs to supply oxygen to the working muscles.

SMART Fitness Goal

A goal that is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and has a Timeframe.

Aerobic Activity

Moderate intensity activity performed over an extended period of time, requiring oxygen.

Anaerobic Activity

Quick burst of intense exercise, using energy stored in muscles.

FITT Principle

Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type of exercise necessary for a fitness program.

Resting Heart Rate

The number of heartbeats per minute while at rest; essential for determining Target HR zone.

Target Heart Rate Zone

The optimal heart rate range for cardiovascular training, typically 150-185 bpm.

Visceral Fat

Intra-abdominal fat that is most concerning for health risks.

Subcutaneous Fat

Fat that is underneath the skin and more visible.

Hypertrophy

The increase in muscle size and strength.

Atrophy

The decrease in muscle size and strength due to lack of use.

Overload Principle

The body responds to increased demands by becoming stronger.

Muscular Strength

The maximum amount of force exerted by a muscle in a single effort.

Muscular Endurance

The ability of a muscle to perform repeatedly or sustain a contraction over time.

Sets

A group of repetitions performed for a specific exercise.

Repetitions (Reps)

The number of times a specific weight is lifted during an exercise.

Recovery Time

The time needed to repair muscles and promote strength gains; typically 48 hours.

Proper Technique

Essential for achieving desired results and avoiding injury during exercises.

Trapezius

Muscle in the upper back used for shoulder shrugs.

Latissimus Dorsi

Muscle in the lower back involved in seated rows.

Triceps

Muscle at the back of the upper arm used for arm extension.

Pectorals

Chest muscles involved in chest press exercises.

Quadriceps

Muscle group at the front of the upper leg involved in leg extension.

Biceps

Muscle at the front of the upper arm used for arm curls.

Deltoids

Muscle group on top of the shoulders used for shoulder press exercises.