renal function reabsorption part 3

Water is passively reabsorbed in most parts of the nephron except the

Ascending Loop of Henle

The ascending Loop of Henle is __________ to water

A. Permeable
B. Impermeable
C. Completely open
D. Highly absorbent

Impermeable

Where are glucose and amino acids reabsorbed and what kind of transport does they use for reabsorption

Proximal tubule and use Active transport

Chloride is actively transported in the:

Ascending Loop

Urea is passively transported in the

A. PCT and ascending Loop
B. DCT only
C. Glomerulus only
D. Renal vein

PCT and ascending Loop

According to your notes, Na⁺ is passively transported in the:

Descending Loop

What is the renal threshold?

The highest plasma concentration that can be reabsorbed before it appears in urine.

the point where there is so much of a substance in the plasma that the kidney can't reabsorb all of it, so the extra appears in the urine

What happens when the plasma concentration of a substance becomes too high?

The substance may begin appearing in urine

What is the renal threshold for glucose according to your notes

A. 50–80 mg/dL
B. 80–100 mg/dL
C. 160–180 mg/dL
D. 200–250 mg/dL

C. 160–180 mg/dL

Where is glucose normally reabsorbed?

Proximal tubule

In which part of the nephron is water reabsorbed?

A. PCT
B. Descending Loop
C. DCT

The ascending Loop of Henle reabsorbs:

Salt

Why doesn't water follow salt in the ascending Loop?

because It is impermeable to water

Which hormone controls water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct?

ADH

Which hormone promotes Na⁺ reabsorption

Aldosterone

What is another name for ADH?

Vasopressin

What is tubular secretion? and what is its purpose?

Movement of substances from blood into filtrate. the purpose is to add extra waste products to the filtrate

. Which substance can be secreted to help regulate acid-base balance?

H+

What is the main site of tubular secretion according to your notes?
A. Glomerulus
B. Collecting duct
C. Proximal convoluted tubule
D. Renal pelvis

C — Proximal convoluted tubule

What happens to blood pH when H⁺ increases

A. pH increases
B. pH decreases
C. pH stays the same
D. pH becomes neutral

B. pH decreases

What is the major buffer system in the blood?

A. Sodium and potassium
B. Carbonic acid and bicarbonate
C. Glucose and insulin
D. Oxygen and nitrogen

B. Carbonic acid and bicarbonate

. What enzyme speeds up the CO₂ + H₂O reaction?
A. Amylase
B. Carbonic anhydrase
C. Renin
D. Pepsin

B. Carbonic anhydrase

Which organ excretes H⁺ into urine?
A. Lungs
B. Kidneys
C. Heart
D. Pancreas

B. Kidneys

. Too much H⁺ in the blood can cause:
A. Alkalosis
B. Acidosis
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Anemia

B. Acidosis

True or False: The kidneys help regulate acid-base balance by excreting H⁺.

true

Fill in the blanks:

↑ H⁺ → ↓ ______ → more ______ blood

↑ H⁺ → ↓ pH → more Acidic blood