Theology 3 test guide

What is the Matter of Reconciliation?

Contrition, Confession, and Intention to offer Reparation

What is the Form of Reconciliation?

I absolve you of your sins

Who is the Ordinary Minister of Reconciliation?

Priest or Bishop

What is the Matter of Anointing of the Sick?

Anointing with Holy Oil

What is the Form of Anointing of the Sick?

Through this holy anointing may the Lord in His love and mercy help you with the grace of the Holy Spirit. May the Lord who frees you from sin save you and raise you up.

Who is the Ordinary Minister of Anointing of the Sick?

Priest or Bishop

What passage is this?: “Adam and Eve hid from God after sinning; God called "Where are you?" and banished them from Eden to work the ground.”

Genesis 3:8, 21-23

What is the significance of Genesis 3:8, 21-23

We continue to sin post-Baptism, meaning that progress in the Christian life requires ongoing conversion, grace, and forgiveness.

What passage is this?: “I will place on his shoulder the key to the house of David; what he opens no one can shut, and what he shuts no one can open.”

Isaiah 22:22

What is the significance of Isaiah 22:22?

A key is a symbol of authority no one besides Jesus else can have

What passage is this?: “She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins”

Matthew 1:21

What is the significance of Matthew 1:21?

Jesus connects to "Joshua" (Yeshua / Yehoshua = "Yahweh helps/saves"). Jesus is explicitly sent by God to forgive sins.

What passage is this?: “But I want you to know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins.”

Matthew 9:2–8

What is the significance of Matthew 9:2-8?

Jesus forgives the sins of those he heals, and his ministry of forgiveness is continued through Reconciliation.

What passage is this?: “You are Peter... I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”

Matthew 16:18-19

What is the significance of Matthew 16:18-19?

Hands down authority to Peter under his discretion. "Binding and loosing" directly refers to the authority to forgive/retain sins, instituting the Sacrament.

What passage is this?: “Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive anyone's sins, their sins are forgiven; if you do not forgive them, they are not forgiven”

John 20:22–23

What is the significance of John 20:22-23?

Post-Resurrection instruction authorizing the Apostles to make disciples of all nations and forgive sins in His name

What passage is this?: “Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you..." / "he was dead and is alive again; he was lost and is found.”

Luke 15:11–32

What is the significance of Luke 15:11-32?

Expresses that acknowledging sin and asking for forgiveness is essential; reveals that no matter how lost we are, we can be found and restored through God's mercy

What is the significance of Mark 6:13?

Jesus gives Apostles authority over unclean spirits; they anoint the sick with oil and cure them

What is the significance of Mark 8:22-26?

Jesus heals a blind man through physical touch, establishing physical contact in healing

What is the significance of James 5:14–15?

Priests (presbyters) pray over and anoint the sick with oil, resulting in physical healing and forgiveness of sins. Establishes early Church matter, form, and minister.

What is the first criteria to evaluate sin?

Action was wrong

What is the second criteria to evaluate sin?

Knowing something is wrong

What is the third criteria to evaluate sin?

Freely choosing the wrong / allowing it to happen

What is the definition of Sin?

Missing the mark

What are the four categories of sin?

Sin of Commission, Sin of Omission, Venial sin, Moral sin

What is Sin of Commission?

Actively performing an evil action.

What is Sin of Omission?

Failing to perform a required good deed (willful disobedience)

What is Venial sin?

Criteria are only marginally met.

What is Mortal sin?

When all 3 criteria are severely met

What are the tools for conversion?

The Examination of Conscience

What is the Examination of Conscience

Guided reflection based on the 10 Commandments to evaluate personal sin.

What can the Examination of Conscience be paired with?

The Daily Examen

What are the three acts of the penitent?

Confession, Contrition, and Intention to offer Reparation

What is Contrition?

Sorrow for sin paired with a firm resolution to stop sinning

What is Perfect Contrition?

Sorrow arising strictly out of love for God

What is Imperfect Contrition?

Sorrow arising out of fear of God, punishment, or the ugliness of sin

What is Confession?

Orally communicating sins to a priest, concluding with an Act of Contrition

What is the Intention to offer Reparation/Penance?

Desiring to carry out prayers or actions assigned by the priest to repair damage and reconcile with God and neighbor

What is Absolution?

Official prayer of Christ’s forgiveness imparted by the priest

What is the Sacramental Seal of Confession?

Absolute secrecy binding the priest never to reveal confessed sins

What happens if the Sacramental Seal of Confession is broken?

Automatic excommunication occurs.

What are the types of individuals that should receiving the anointing of the sick?

Those who are about to go into surgery, those suffering from long term illnesses, and those experiencing health decline due to old age.

What is an example of violating God’s law?

Breaking the Ten Commandments

What is an example of harming a relationship?

Breaking someone’s trust

What is privation?

The lack of good

What is perversion?

The twisting of good

What was the primary way of forgiveness in the 1st-2nd century?

Baptism

What was the dilemma in the 1st-2nd century?

There was no way to atone for serious sins post baptism

What development occurred in the 3rd-5th Century?

Public sins required the sinner to join an official "Order of Penitents"

What development occurred in the 6th-9th century?

The introduction of private, confidential confession to a priest

What development occurred in the 12th-13th century?

Annual confession and communion an obligation for all Catholics who had reached the age of discretion

What did the Council of Trent establish?

It established penance as one of the seven formal sacraments.