CHAPTER 1 (BEEE)

Electricity

invisible energy that constitutes the flow of electrons in a closed circuit to do work.

Electricity

a form of energy that can be easily converted to any other form.

Amber

Greek word "electron" which means _____.

electrons

fundamental cause of electricity

Static Electricity

electrons that are moved from one place to another, usually by rubbing or brushing

Static Electricity

the contact between equal amount of protons and electrons.

Current Electricity

flow of electrons in a conductor.

Current Electricity

a flow of electric charge across an electrical field

Good Conductor

let the electric charge flow through them (Copper wires)

bad conductors

resists the electric charge (Wood)

William Gilbert

He studied magnetic phenomena and demonstrated that the Earth itself was a huge magnet, by means of his "terrella" experiment.

William Gilbert

He studied the attraction produced when materials were rubbed, and named it the "electric" attraction

William Gilbert

Father of electricity

Benjamin Franklin

He proved that lightning and the spark from amber were one and the same thing

Luigi Galvani

He found that when the leg of a dead frog was touched by a metal knife, the leg twitched violently

Alessandro Volta

He showed that when moisture comes between two different metals, electricity is created.

voltaic pile

first electric battery

voltaic pile

made from thin sheets of copper and zinc separated by moist pasteboard

Volt

unit of electrical potential

Michael Faraday

He said that electricity could be produced through magnetism by motion

Michael Faraday

He discovered that when a magnet was moved inside a coil of copper wire, a tiny electric current flows through the wire.

James Watt

Scottish inventor of the steam condensing engine.

Watt

electric unit of power

Andre Marie Ampere

He devoted himself to the study of electricity and magnetism, was the first to explain the electro-dynamic theory.

Ampere

unit of electric current

George Simon Ohm

he published, "The Galvanic Circuit Investigated Mathematically".

Ohm

unit of electrical resistance

from:

Frictional Energy (Static Electricity)

Pressure

Heat

Chemical Reaction

Light Magnetism

How electricity produced?

Atomic Number

Represents the number of electrons or protons of an atom.

Electricity Produced from Light

produced by light striking photosensitive materials. It release electrons when excited by light under the right conditions. These releases of electrons are called photoelectric effect.

Electrons

Negatively charged particles that revolve around the nucleus of an atom.

Protons

Positively charged particles that stays in the nucleus of an atom.

Neutrons

Particles having no charge.

Atomic Mass

Represents the sum of protons and neutrons of an atom.

Valence Electrons

Electrons found in the outermost shell or orbit of an atom.

Conductors

electric charges are free to move through the material.

Electric Circuit Theory

Fundamental theory upon which all branches of electrical engineering are built.

electric circuit

an interconnection of electrical elements and each component of the circuit is known as an element.

closed path

A electric circuit is always a ________.

Open Circuit

implies that the two terminals are points are externally

disconnected.

Short Circuit

implies that the two terminals are externally connected

ammeter

an instrument used to measure current and must be connected in series with the circuit

voltmeter

an instrument used for measuring electric potential difference between two points in an electric circuit.

wattmeter

an instrument for the measurement of power in an electrical circuit.

ohmmeter

an instrument for measuring resistance

multimeter

may be used to measure voltage, current and resistance.

Electric Charge

an electrical property of the atomics particles of which

matter consists, measured in Coulombs(C ).

electric charge

quantity of electricity

Electric Current

Such movement of free electrons

Electric Current

rate of flow of electron or electric charge through a conductor or circuit elements

Direct Current (DC)

a current that remains constant with time.

Alternating Current(AC)

a current that varies sinusoidally with time.

Voltage

The energy required to move a unit charge through an element, measured in volts (V)

DC Voltage

commonly produce by batteries

AC Voltage

produced by electric generator

Volts

potential difference

Power

the time rate of expending or absorbing energy, measured in watts (W) or J/s

Resistor

circuit element used to impede the flow of current

Resistivity

the amount of change of resistance in a material per unit change in temperature.