Mammalian and avian blood

hematopoietic tissue

• tissue forming blood

hematopoiesis

is the process of blood formation that occur in the trabeculae of the flat bones and the long bones

liver, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, yolk sac, bone marrow

HEMATOPOIETIC ORGANS:

Liver

primary site of blood cell production during fetal development (hepatic phase)

spleen

• prinarily functions to filter blood, remove old red blood cells, and store platelets

• a site for lymphocyte production and maturation, especially during fetal development

thymus

• key organ for the maturationof T-lymphocytes, which are crucial for the immune system. ​

bone marrow

• The spongy tissue inside bones, like the vertebrae, pelvis,and sternum,

• is the main site for theproduction of all types of blood cells(red blood cells, white blood cells, andplatelets) after birth. ​

mammal erythrocyte

• small, anucleate cells

• adapted to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

• acidophilic

• acquire an orange to red color with romanovsky stain

central pallor

results from the erythtrocyte’s biconcave shape is best defined in the erythrocyte of the dog, but may be seen in other domestic animals

avian red blood cells

• elliptical when mature

• oval or circular in immature

• nuclei and mitochondria are present

• repltile RBC is smaller

neutrophils

• prominent cytoplasmic granules with lysozome containing enzyme released as inflammatory reaction

• cells are multilobed nuclei

• last in the circulation for 12 hours must be replaces in the bone marrow

• considered as the first line of defense

band neutrophils

• immature neutrophils that circulate

• cresent shaped nucleus

• not yet lobulated

• also has cytoplasmic granules

heterophils

segmented nuclei that are partly obscure by the large nucleus

eosinophils

• they have bright red cytoplasmic granules

• respond to allergic reaction, fungal, and parasitic

basophils

• they have a dark purple cytoplasmic inclusions

• the least numerous in WBC

• they protect the body from infection

basophilia

• autoimmunity diseases or leukemia

basophils

• largest cells of the WBC

• they have the ability to detect cancer cells in early stages

• in high counts they can denote an autoimmune diseases and in love counts they detect allergy reaction

• they function by the release of the enzyme known as histamine and heparine

canine

identify what animal has this type of basophil

feline

identify what animal has this type of basophil

equine

identify what animal has this type of basophil

bovine

identify what animal has this type of basophil

bovine and equine

animals that has no central pallor and no rouleaux formation

rouleaux formation

• is the formation of RBC in stack of coins

• commonly seen in healthy horses and in some cat

• not seen in dog and cattle

porcine erythrocyte

are the sharp pointed ends and exhibit poikilocytosis

dog

biconcave with central pallor