Chemistry Chapter 4 -- Easterly

Name the 6 Quarks

Up, Down, Charm, Strange, Top, Bottom

Name all the the subatomic particles

Protons, Neutrons, Electrons, Baryons, Mesons, Leptons, Omega Particles

What is the charge of the Up quark?

+ 2/3

What is the charge of the Down quark?

- 1/3

Which quarks and how many of each make up a Proton?

2 ups and 1 down

which quarks and how many of each make up a neutron?

1 ups and 2 downs

What are electrons?

A negatively subatomic particle that obits the nucleus of an atom and drives chemical bonding and electricity.

What is the weight of electrons in GRAMS?

9.11 × 10^-28 grams

What is the weight of electrons in amu?

0.0005 amu

What is the charge of an electron?

-1

What is the definition of an Isotope?

Different versions of the same element with different weights due to a different number of neutrons.

Atomic Mass

the average mass of all the isotopes of an element

Mass Number

the sum of the protons and neutrons in a nucleus

What were Daltons 5 theories?

1. All matter is made up of atoms

2. Atoms are indivisible

3. Atoms of the same element are identical

4. Atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds

5. Chemical reactions are the result of separating or combining of atoms

What two things are wrong about Dalton’s theory?

2. Atoms are indivisible

   1. Nuclear Fission (e = mc²)

3. Atoms of the same element are identical

   1. Isotopes

Draw and label the gold foil experiment

Explain the gold foil experiment out loud.

What were the 4 conclusions that Ernest Rutherford got from the Gold Foil Experiment?

1. the positive portion of an atom is in the middle

2. most of the atom is empty

3. most of the mass is in the middle

4. electrons orbit the nucleus

What to know about cathode rays

Before being known as electrons, what did william crooks discover: Cathode Rays

What are 5 of the 7 fill in the blanks in order for the mass spectrometer section

Lighter, Heavier, Ionized, detector, magnetic

What was Lavasier known for?

Law of conservation of mass

What was joseph proust known for?

the law of definite proportions

What was Dalton known for?

Law of multiple proportions

What was Democritus known for?

created the discontinuous theory of matter

Mass Spectrometer

Label, Explain what happens

Things toknow about mass spectrometer

ionized from the ion source

lighter ones are affected more than the big oes in the magnetic field