Cell Cycle (Mitosis)

cell cycle

An ordered sequence of events in the life of a cell

mitosis

Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes

what are the four stages of mitosis?

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

prophase

first phase of mitosis, during which the chromatin changes into chromosomes, spindle fibers form & the nuclear membrane disappears

metaphase

the second stage in mitosis in which the duplicated chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate in the middle of the cell.

anaphase

the third phase of mitosis , the chromatids of each chromosome separate/ split at the centromere and move in opposite directions

telophase

The fourth and final stage of mitosis, in which two nuclear membranes form & chromosomes change into chromatin

cytokinesis

division of the cytoplasm & its organelles after mitosis is complete

chromosomes

a piece of chromatin that has folded many times to form a thick structure that stains dark and is visible with a light microscope.

chromatin

Combination of DNA and its histone proteins in the nucleus.

sister chromatids

Duplicate copies of DNA attached at a centromere; two attached chromatids make the typical X shape of a chromosome

interphase

A period of growth and DNA synthesis when the cell is not actually in the process of dividing.

spindle fibers

protein fibers that attach to chromatids and assist in their separation during mitosis.

G1 Phase

first growth stage of interphase in which cell grows and performs its normal functions

S Phase

the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.

G2 Phase

The second growth phase, of the cell cycle, Cells prepare to divide and wait for a signal

gene

one small portion of chromatin with the instructions to build one protein