Origins ReReview

What did LUCA not possess?

mitochondria and nucleus

According to RNA world hypothesis, why did proteins eventually take over carrying out most cellular functions?

more diversity of amino acids in terms of their chemical structures compared to nucleotides

Example of a polymer

Glucose

A codon is

a sequence of three consecutive nucleotides that encodes for an amino acid

DNA mutations usually happen in

replication

How can scientists use oxygen isotopes to look for ancient signs of life?

oxygen atoms present in minerals once participated in biochemical reactions

what about the moon strongly contradicts the fission hypothesis

the moon’s orbit around the Earth is not in the same plane as the earth’s equator

At transform plate boundaries

tectonic plates slide past each other

Why do volcanic islands tend to form chains?

As a tectonic plate moves over a volcanic hot spot, the intermittent eruptions create a chain of new lands.

Why is there iron in the Sun?

it formed from interstellar clouds that already had trace amounts of heavier elements like iron

Describe the motion of a star that hosts an exoplanet

The star slightly wobbles around the star-exoplanet center of mass

You send a radio signal 15 light years away. When will you receive back?

In 30 years (15 there, 15 back)

what is not being produced by fusion in our sun's core

Iron

What about the Sun is false?

Sunspots mark where solid material is being pulled out the Sun’s core

Where do Gas Giants form

in the outer regions of a protoplanetary disk, further away from the central star

What is false about Gravity

The gravitational force of the Sun on the Earth is greater than the gravitational force of the Earth on the Sun (they are equal)

why do scientists focus on radio signals for potential extraterrestrial life

they move at speed of light, not much interruption, and potentially could be made by other life