suffixes

-able / -ible

able to be (e.g., audible, flexible)

-al

relating to (e.g., natural, critical)

-ance / -ence

state or quality (e.g., resistance, confidence)

-ant / -ent

causing or performing action (e.g., dependent, resistant)

-ary

related to (e.g., missionary, literary)

-ate

cause to be (e.g., activate, complicate)

-dom

state or condition (e.g., freedom, kingdom)

-er / -or

one who (e.g., teacher, actor)

-esque

in the style of (e.g., picturesque, Kafkaesque)

-ful

full of (e.g., hopeful, beautiful)

-ic / -ical

relating to (e.g., historic, logical)

-ify / -fy

to make (e.g., magnify, clarify)

-ion / -tion / -sion

action or process (e.g., creation, decision)

-ish

like, somewhat (e.g., childish, foolish)

-ism

belief or system (e.g., capitalism, heroism)

-ist

one who practices (e.g., scientist, pianist)

-ity / -ty

quality of (e.g., responsibility, loyalty)

-ive / -ative

inclined to (e.g., active, talkative)

-less

without (e.g., hopeless, tireless)

-ment

result or action (e.g., achievement, punishment)

-ness

state of (e.g., kindness, darkness)

-ology / -logy

study of (e.g., biology, psychology)

-ous / -eous / -ious

full of (e.g., glorious, spontaneous)

-ship

condition or skill (e.g., friendship, leadership)

-ward / -wards

in the direction of (e.g., forward, backward)