Vertebral Column and Ribs Bones and Landmarks

Atlas

1st bone of vertebral column (closest to head)

atlas

axis

second bone of vertebral column

axis

dens/odontoid process of axis

big projection of bone from axis

cervical vertebrae

7 total including axis and atlas up by neck

cervical vertebrae

transverse foramen

two little holes on either side of cervical vertebrae (looks like eyes of face)

coccyx

3-5 fused vertebrae at the bottom of sacrum

lumbar vertebra

5 total at bottom of spinal cord (attach to sacrum)

Lumbar vertebra

Sacrum

5 fused vertebrae at bottom of spinal cord

Sacrum

Auricular surface

Elephant ear sides of sacrum

Auricular surface

Superior articular processes

Part of the top of the sacrum that sticks up like horns/antlers

Superior articular processes

Thoracic vertebra

12 total in middle of spine

Thoracic vertebra

Costal facets of thoracic vertebra

Smooth divets on the back of the giraffe ears

Costal facets of thoracic

Inferior articular facet

Smooth surface under articular process of vertebra (above/on side of part that sticks out)(behind)

Inferior articular facets

Spinous process

Bony projection of vertebrae (long and ticks out and down (can feel in back))

Superior articular facets

Flat smooth part on top of vertebra (ears/horns)

Transverse process

Part that sticks out sideways of the vertebra

Vertebral foramen

Big hole in the middle of vertebra where spinal cord goes through

hyoid

small bone underneath mandible

hyoid

rib

costal cartilage

costal groove

costal head

costal tubercle

sternum

manubrium

xiphoid process

intervertebral joint 1/ facet joint

landmarks: interior and superior articular facets

Class: synovial

Type: plane

facet joint

intervertebral joint 2/intervertebral symphysis

landmarks: body of vertebrae

class: cartilaginous/symphysis

structure: intervertebral disc

intervertebral symphysis