Psychotherapy Exam 3

What is the role of a behavior therapist?

Conduct a thorough functional assessment (behavioral analysis) to understand behavior.

What are behavior therapists like during sessions?

Active and directive. They guide clients and give specific tasks.

What are the main goals of behavior therapy?

Increase personal choice and create new conditions for learning.

What does SMART stand for?

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Timely.

What does SMART help therapists create?

Clear goals that can be tracked and realistically reached.

What does ABC stand for in functional analysis?

Antecedents, Behaviors, and Consequences.

What is an antecedent?

Something that happens before a behavior and may trigger it.

What is a behavior?

The specific action or response a person does.

What is a consequence?

Something that happens after a behavior and affects whether it happens again.

What is systematic desensitization?

Gradually facing fears while using relaxation techniques to manage anxiety.

What type of conditioning is systematic desensitization based on?

Classical conditioning.

What happens before systematic desensitization begins?

The therapist assesses anxiety, background, and fears, then teaches relaxation.

What is a fear hierarchy?

A list of feared situations ordered from least scary to most scary.

What is in vivo exposure?

Facing a real-life feared situation instead of only imagining it.

What happens during in vivo exposure?

The client gradually faces feared situations using a fear hierarchy.

What type of conditioning is associated with in vivo exposure in these notes?

Negative reinforcement.

What is flooding?

Facing an anxiety-producing situation for a prolonged period of time.

What are the two types of flooding?

Imaginal (imagining the fear) and in vivo (facing it in real life).

What is EMDR?

A therapy using rapid, rhythmic eye movements or other bilateral stimulation.

What else is involved in EMDR?

Cognitive restructuring and processing difficult memories.

Who is associated with classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov and his dogs.

What is classical conditioning?

Learning by connecting two things or stimuli together.

What is an example of classical conditioning?

Training a dog to respond to the sound of a whistle.

What is operant conditioning?

Learning through consequences, such as rewards or removing unpleasant things.

What are the two types of reinforcement?

Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement.

What is positive reinforcement?

Adding something rewarding to increase a behavior.

What is negative reinforcement?

Removing something unpleasant to increase a behavior.

How can operant conditioning be used in behavior therapy?

Reinforcing desired behaviors, including teaching skills to individuals with ASD.

What is social learning?

Learning behaviors by watching and observing other people.

What is modeling?

Learning by watching someone demonstrate a behavior and then copying it.

What is an example of modeling?

A therapist demonstrates how to start a conversation, and the client practices it.

What is another example of modeling?

A child watches a parent say please and thank you, then copies them.

How can therapists use modeling?

They demonstrate positive behaviors or social skills for clients to practice.

What is social skills modeling?

Watching someone demonstrate how to communicate or interact appropriately.

What is the purpose of modeling in behavior therapy?

Help clients learn new behaviors by observing and copying others.

What is mindfulness?

Being conscious and aware of what is happening in the present moment.

What is an example of mindfulness?

Paying attention to your breathing and surroundings without judging them.

What does third-wave behavior therapy focus on?

Mindfulness, acceptance, thoughts, emotions, and changing how people respond to experiences.