Unit 5b: The Early Republic (Madison & Monroe)

Battle of Lake Erie

in the War of 1812, an American naval victory led by Oliver Perry against the British.

Battle of New Orleans

At the end of the War of 1812, a battle between British and American forces that ended in an American victory.

Battle of Tippecanoe

In 1811, battle over white settlement in the Indiana Territory.

Treaty of Ghent

peace treaty signed by Britain and the United States at the end of the War of 1812.

Nationalism

A feeling that people have of being loyal to and proud of their country; sometimes they even believe that it is better and more important than other countries.

Hartford Convention

gathering of New England delegates during the War of 1812 to protest the war by threatening to secede from the Union.

Confederation

league of independent states or nations

Era of Good Feelings

The eight years of James Monroe's presidency, from 1817 to 1825, when the Democratic Republicans dominated the nation's politics.

Sectionalism

Loyalty to a state or section rather than to the whole country.

Treaty of Greenville

treaty signed by some Native Americans in 1795, giving up land that would later become part of Ohio in exchange for $20,000 and a promise of more money if they kept the peace.

War Hawks

members of Congress from the South and the West who called for war with Britain prior to the War of 1812.

McCullough v Maryland

An 1819 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that states had no right to interfere with federal institutions within their borders

Internal Improvements

Improvements to roads, bridges, and canals

Gibbons v. Ogden

An 1824 case in which the Supreme Court upheld the power of the federal government to regulate interstate commerce

Adams-Onis' Treaty

An 1821 treaty between Spain and the United States in which Spain agreed to give Florida to the United States in exchange for $5 million.

Interstate Commerce

Trade between different states.

Intervention

Direct involvement

Monroe Doctrine

President Monroe's foreign policy statement warning European nations not to interfere in Latin America

John C. Calhoun

Southern Congressmen that favors states' rights. From South Carolina; supported the War of 1812; for slavery

James Monroe

Fifth president of the United States; elected in 1817 and served two relatively peaceful terms balancing sectional tension. During his administration, he signed the Missouri Compromise in 1820 and issued the Monroe Doctrine in 1823. This document established one of the basic principles of American foreign policy by declaring that the European powers should not colonize or interfere into the affairs of nations in the Western Hemisphere.

Henry Clay

Known as the "Great Compromiser" for his ability to smooth sectional conflict through balanced legislation. First a senator and then a representative to the U.S> Congress from Kentucky served as speaker of the house for the majority of his 13 years of service. He favored internal improvements and westward expansion. He sponsored the Missouri Compromise in 1820, admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, preserving the United States for the moment.

Daniel Webster

New England congressman that was noted for his peaking ability and his commitment to preserving the union; against slavery.