Cellular division & Transport

Anatomy

What happens during mitosis?

The cell duplicates its genetic material during interphase, then neatly divides it between the two daughter cells. The result is two identical daughter cells with the same genetic information as the parent cell.

What happens during Meiosis?

A cell division process that occurs in the gametes(sex cells). The cells eventually divide twice, resulting in four daughter cells each with half the amount of genetic information as the original parent cell.

Cancer

When mutations affect the genes that control the cell cycle, cell division can continue uncontrollably. The masses of cells that result from their uncontrolled growth are called tumors.

How does the cell membrane regulate transport?

Cells need to move materials in and out.The cell membrane is a specialized, semi-permeable barrier.  Only some substances can pass through.

What is passive transport?

Diffusion of substances and osmosis (the diffusion of water) are both examples of passive transport processes. Molecules move naturally from high concentration to low concentration, which does NOT require energy.

What is facilitated diffusion?

The passive transport of molecules or ions across a biological membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration with the help of specific transport proteins

What is active transport?

Moves molecules from low concentration to high concentration.  Because this is the opposite of the natural process, it DOES require energy. There are 2 main types of that cells use: Endocytosis (“into cell”) Exocytosis (“out of cell”)

What are the 5 stages of mitosis

Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase(cytokinesis)