Myelination and the Role of Schwann Cells and Oligodendrocytes

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10 Terms

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Myelin sheath

Protective lipid and protein covering on axons.

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Myelination

Process of forming the myelin sheath.

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Myelinated neurons

Neurons that possess a myelin sheath.

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Unmyelinated neurons

Neurons lacking a myelin sheath.

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Schwann cells

PNS cells that produce myelin sheath.

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Oligodendrocytes

CNS cells that myelinate multiple axons.

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Neurilemma

Outer layer formed by Schwann cell cytoplasm.

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Nodes of Ranvier

Gaps in myelin sheath at regular intervals.

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Axon regeneration

Process aided by neurilemma in PNS.

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CNS regeneration

Limited due to lack of oligodendrocyte support.