Ang Repormasyon at Kontra-Repormasyon

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms, historical figures, and definitions from the Reformation and Counter-Reformation transcript.

Repormasyon

The term for the major events shaking Christianity from the 14th to the 17th century that led to the division of the Christian church and the separation of Protestants from the Roman Catholic Church.

Martin Luther

An Augustinian monk and Professor of Theology at the Unibersidad ng Wittenberg known as the 'Ama ng Protestanteng Paghihimagsik' (Father of the Protestant Revolt), born on Nobyembre 10, 1483, in Eisleben Germany.

Roman 1:17

The biblical verse reading 'Ang pagpapawalang sala ng Diyos sa mga tao ay nagsisimula sa pananampalataya, at naging ganap sa pamamagitan ng pananampalataya' which led Luther to question church doctrines on salvation.

Indulhensiya

A piece of paper sold by the church indicating and purporting that God's grace could be bought and sold for a person's forgiveness and salvation.

Siyamnapu't limang Proposisyon

Also known as the Ninety-five theses, a document posted by Martin Luther on the door of the church on ika-31 ng Oktubre, 1517, protesting the sale of indulgences.

Hans Luther

The father of Martin Luther, who was a farmer and became a copper miner.

Margareth Linderman

The mother of Martin Luther, who came from a middle-class family.

Protestante

A term originating from a 1529 'protestasyon' issued by supporting German states and towns to the emperor of the Banal na Imperyong Romano, referring to those who opposed Catholic citizens and church authority.

Charles V

The Holy Roman Emperor who ended the religious war between Protestants and Roman Catholics by signing the Kapayapaang Augsburg in 1555.

Kapayapaang Augsburg

A 1555 peace agreement stating that the authority of rulers or kings to freely choose the religion of their subjects must be recognized.

Kontra-Repormasyon

Also known as the Catholic Reformation or Counter-Reformation, a movement begun by faithful Catholics to improve and reform the Catholic Church without changing its doctrines.

Papa Gregory VII

Also known as Hilderbrand (1037-1085), the Pope who initiated key church reforms including prohibiting priests from marrying, eliminating simony, and banning lay investiture.

Simony

The corrupt practice within the church involving the buying and selling of church offices or positions.

Society of Jesus

Also known as the Samahan ng mga Heswita, an organization of Catholic scholars, teachers, and scientists that successfully reclaimed Bohemia, Hungary, Poland, and southern Germany for the Catholic Church.

Konseho ng Trent

Also known as the Council of Trent, a council established by the Pope and church officials to improve the Catholic faith and counter the influence of Protestantism.

Inquisition

A judicial system and movement enforced under Haring Ferdinand and Reyna Isabella against heretics and Jews, which also served to defend Catholic doctrine during the Counter-Reformation.

Haring Ferdinand at Reyna Isabella

Monarchs who implemented the Inquisition, waged war against the Muslims of Granada, and brought the Church under royal authority.