Cell Structure/Function and Cell Types/Organization Review

mitochondrion

an organelle that transfers energy from sugars into usable ATP

centriole

one of the paired cylindrical structures in the centrosome of a typical animal cell

endoplasmic reticulum

a membrane network with rough and smooth regions that helps make and move proteins and lipids

ATP

the short name for the molecule cells use as an immediate energy source

golgi apparatus

after proteins leave the ER, this organelle modifies, sorts, and ships them

cell wall

the rigid outer layer that supports plant cells but is absent from animal cells

cytoplasm

the material filling the cell around its organelles, where many reactions occur

chloroplast

a plant cell organelle that captures light energy for photosythesis

central vacuole

the large storage compartment that helps keep a plant cell firm

lysosome

a membrane-bound sac of enzymes that digests worn-out cell parts and other material

cell membrane

the selectively permeable boundary that controls what enters and leaves a cell

ribosome

the tiny structure that links amino acids together to build a protein

nucleus

the DNA- containing compartment that directs many cell activities

DNA

the molecule in chromosomes that carries hereditary instructions

organelle

a specialized structure inside a cell; one is smaller than the cell containing it

archaea

the prokaryotic domain that includes species living in very salty or hot environments

animal

a multicellular eukaryote whose cells lack cell walls and chloroplasts

organ system

a group of organs that cooperate to carry out a major body function

organ

a structure made of multiple tissues that preforms a particular job

cell

the smallest living unit; many of these can form a tissue

organism

one complete living thing, containing all its levels of organization

prokaryote

a cell type without a membrane-bound nucleus; bacteria and archaea belong here

eukaryote

a cell type with a membrane-bound nucleus; plants and animals belong here

bacteria

the prokaryotic domain whose cells may have a protective capsule

plant

a multicellular eukaryote whose cells have walls and usually a large central vacuole

tissue

a group of similar cells working together, such as muscle

chloroplast, cell wall, central vacuole

which organelles are in plant cells but not animal cells?