Tier 3: Passive Recognition (Reading & Listening Only)

Canal

(noun: kênh đào) An artificial waterway constructed to allow the passage of boats or ships or to convey water for irrigation.

Lake

(noun: hồ) A large body of water surrounded by land.

Pond

(noun: ao) A small body of still water, typically one with a natural or artificial origin.

Puddle

(noun: vũng nước) A small pool of liquid, especially of rainwater on the ground.

Stream

(noun: dòng suối) A small, narrow river.

Well

(noun: giếng) A shaft sunk into the ground to obtain water, oil, or gas.

Dam

(noun: đập nước) A barrier constructed to hold back water and raise its level.

Lagoon

(noun: đầm phá) A stretch of salt water separated from the sea by a low sandbank or coral reef.

Liquid

(noun/adjective: chất lỏng) A substance that flows freely and has a constant volume.

Reef

(noun: rạn san hô) A ridge of jagged rock, coral, or sand just above or below the surface of the sea.

Reservoir

(noun: hồ chứa nước) A large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.

Sandbank

(noun: bãi cát) A submerged or exposed ridge of sand in the sea or a river.

Seabed

(noun: đáy biển) The ground under the sea.

Silt

(noun: bùn phù sa) Fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment.

Vapour

(noun: hơi nước/khí) A substance diffused or suspended in the air, especially one normally liquid or solid.

Purification

(noun: sự lọc sạch) The removal of contaminants from something.

Perspiration

(noun: sự đổ mồ hôi) Sweat produced by glands in the skin.

Irrigation

(noun: sự tưới tiêu) The supply of water to land or crops to help growth.

Beverage

(noun: thức uống) A drink other than water.

Immersion

(noun: sự ngâm mình / sự đắm chìm) The action of immersing someone or something in a liquid.

Precipitation

(noun: lượng mưa / sự kết tủa) Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground.

Octogenarian

(noun: người ở độ tuổi 80) A person who is between 80 and 89 years old.

Septuagenarian

(noun: người ở độ tuổi 70) A person who is between 70 and 79 years old.

Senile

(adjective: lú lẫn do tuổi già) Having or showing the weaknesses or diseases of old age.

Senior

(adjective/noun: người lớn tuổi / cao cấp) Higher in rank or status, or an elderly person.

Veterinary

(adjective: thuộc về thú y) Relating to the diseases, injuries, and treatment of animals.

Midwife

(noun: nữ hộ sinh) A person trained to assist women in childbirth.

Decrepit

(adjective: già nua / đổ nát) Elderly and infirm, or worn out/ruined because of age or neglect.

Deprived

(adjective: thiếu thốn / thiệt thòi) Suffering from a severe and damaging lack of basic material and cultural benefits.

Distant ancestors

(noun phrase: tổ tiên xa xưa) Relatives from far back in family lineages.

Chronological order

(noun phrase: thứ tự thời gian) The order in which events happened in time.

Catering

(noun: ngành phục vụ ăn uống) The business of providing food and drink at a social event or other gathering.

Merchandising

(noun: hoạt động kinh doanh hàng hóa) The promotion of the sale of goods, especially by their presentation in retail outlets.

Counterparts

(noun: đối tác / người tương ứng) People or things holding positions or performing functions corresponding to those in another place.

Prompted by

(verb phrase: được thúc đẩy bởi) Caused or brought about by a specific cue, motive, or stimulus.

Retrieve the deposit

(verb phrase: lấy lại tiền đặt cọc) Getting back financial security money paid initially.

Make someone redundant

(verb phrase: sa thải ai đó vì dư thừa nhân sự) Dismissing an employee because their job function is no longer needed.

Self-taught programmer

(noun phrase: lập trình viên tự học) Someone who learned software coding through independent study.

Text delimiter

(noun phrase: ký tự phân tách văn bản) A character used to specify the boundary between separate regions in plain text data.

System interface

(noun phrase: giao diện hệ thống) The point of interaction between a user and a computer system.

Reformat text

(verb phrase: định dạng lại văn bản) Changing the structural layout or styling of textual data.

Append lexical items

(verb phrase: nối thêm mục từ vựng) Adding new vocabulary elements onto the end of a dataset.

Overwrite notes

(verb phrase: ghi đè ghi chú) Replacing existing text records with newly inputted information.

Merge vocabulary lists

(verb phrase: gộp danh sách từ vựng) Combining separate lexical inventories into a single unified list.

Application navigation

(noun phrase: điều hướng ứng dụng) Moving between menus and features inside software.

Instantaneous feedback

(noun phrase: phản hồi tức thì) Immediate validation or error alerts returned upon completing an action.

Fragmented information

(noun phrase: thông tin rời rạc) Data broken down into isolated, unconnected pieces.

Compiling algorithm

(noun phrase: thuật toán biên dịch) A systematic mathematical process that translates code files into runnable software.

Structural layout

(noun phrase: bố cục cấu trúc) The architectural arrangement or formatting of interface parts.

Prominent position

(noun phrase: vị trí nổi bật) A high-visibility spot designed to catch immediate attention.

Data transmission

(noun phrase: truyền dữ liệu) The transfer of data from one device or network to another.

Delete records by mistake

(verb phrase: xóa nhầm bản ghi) Accidentally removing data entries from a storage base.

Crush the program on purpose

(verb phrase: cố ý làm sập chương trình) Deliberately causing software to fail or terminate via stress inputs.

Compatible with

(adjective phrase: tương thích với) Working well together or able to exist or occur together without conflict.

Trial and error

(noun phrase: phương pháp thử và sai) Experimenting with various methods until finding one that works.

Correct a minor flaw

(verb phrase: sửa lỗi nhỏ) Fixing a tiny imperfection or bug in a system or text.

Analytical standpoint

(noun phrase: góc độ phân tích) A perspective based on rigorous examination and logic.

Categorize systematic errors

(verb phrase: phân loại lỗi hệ thống) Grouping recurring structural mistakes into organized classes.

Clear an audit

(verb phrase: vượt qua kiểm toán) Successfully passing a formal financial or procedural inspection.

Fundamental requirement

(noun phrase: yêu cầu cơ bản) An essential baseline condition that must be met.

Spot a discrepancy

(verb phrase: phát hiện sự sai lệch) Noticing an inconsistency or mismatch between two sets of data.

Evaluate raw data

(verb phrase: đánh giá dữ liệu thô) Assessing unprocessed information before cleaning or sorting it.

Focus on correlation

(verb phrase: tập trung vào tương quan) Directing attention toward how two or more variables relate to each other.

Act by accident

(verb phrase: hành động do vô tình) Doing something unintentionally or purely by chance.

Disproportionate

(adjective: không cân đối) Too large or too small in comparison to something else.

Initial prototypes

(noun phrase: nguyên mẫu ban đầu) Early working models built to test a design concept.

Predominant

(adjective: chiếm ưu thế / chủ đạo) Present as the strongest or main element.

Proportional

(adjective: tương xứng) Corresponding in size or amount to something else.

Confined

(adjective: bị giam hẹp / hạn chế) Restricted in area or volume; cramped.

Optimum

(adjective: tối ưu) Most conducive to a favorable result; best.

Coincide

(verb: trùng khớp / xảy ra đồng thời) Occur at or during the same time.

Pinpoint

(verb/adjective: xác định chính xác) Finding or describing the exact location or meaning of something.

Stem from

(verb phrase: bắt nguồn từ) Originate in or be caused by a specific source.

A couple

(noun phrase: một cặp / vài) Two people or things of the same sort, or approximately two.

A dozen

(noun phrase: một tá) A group or quantity of twelve.

A quartet

(noun phrase: bộ tứ) A group of four people playing music or performing together, or a set of four.

Triplets

(noun: ba sinh ba) Each of three children born at one birth.

Twelve-ish

(adjective: tầm khoảng mười hai) Approximately twelve in number or time.

Trembling

(adjective/noun: sự run rẩy) Shaking slightly, typically as a result of anxiety, excitement, or weakness.

Demeanor

(noun: phong thái / thái độ) Outward behavior or bearing.

Nervousness

(noun: sự lo lắng / hồi hộp) State of being nervous or anxious.

Subjective process

(noun phrase: quá trình mang tính chủ quan) A procedure based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.

Deteriorating condition

(noun phrase: tình trạng xuống cấp) A state of health, structure, or quality that is steadily worsening over time.

Persistent leech

(noun phrase: kẻ bám dai như đỉa) Someone who continuously drains resources or clings stubbornly to someone else.

Educational standpoint

(noun phrase: góc độ giáo dục) A viewpoint centered around teaching, learning, and academic progress.

Study block

(noun phrase: khối học tập / sự bế tắc trong học tập) A continuous scheduled period dedicated to studying, or a mental block preventing progress.

Extrapolate band scores

(verb phrase: ngoại suy điểm band) Estimating expected IELTS test band scores based on current practice performance.

Deduce meaning from context

(verb phrase: suy luận nghĩa từ ngữ cảnh) Figuring out unfamiliar vocabulary definitions by looking at surrounding clues.

Attend a live session

(verb phrase: tham gia buổi học trực tiếp) Joining an interactive online class or seminar in real time.

Identify recurring mistakes

(verb phrase: nhận diện lỗi lặp lại) Spotting patterns of errors that keep happening across practice sessions.

Cozy corner

(noun phrase: góc ấm cúng) A comfortable, snug, and relaxing physical space.

Background noise

(noun phrase: âm thanh nền) Unwanted or ambient sounds happening behind the main focus.

Make me question

(verb phrase: khiến tôi phải đặt câu hỏi / suy ngẫm) Causing someone to critically reevaluate their beliefs or assumptions.

Tracing

(noun / verb: sự dò theo / sự truy vết / vẽ lại theo nét - contact _______ / _________ the origin) The process of finding or following the track, origin, or development of something. Synonyms: tracking, trailing, line drawing, tracking down. Example: Contact ____ proved to be a vital strategy for containing the spread of the virus.

Epigram

(adjective/noun: thơ châm biếm ngắn / câu nói vần - witty ________) A pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way. Synonyms: witticism, aphorism, quip, adage. Example: The essay opened with a clever ____ by Oscar Wilde.

Monologue

(noun: độc thoại - dramatic ________ / deliver a ________) A long speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as part of a theatrical or broadcast program. Synonyms: soliloquy, speech, address. Example: The actor delivered a powerful ____ that highlighted the character's inner turmoil.

Semaphore

(noun: tín hiệu bằng cờ / hệ thống tín hiệu - visual _________ / flag _________) A system of sending messages by holding the arms or two flags or poles in certain positions according to an alphabetic code. Synonyms: signaling system, flag code. Example: Sailors historically used ____ flags to communicate between ships over short distances.

4x4

(noun: xe hai cầu / xe bán tải - FOR-by-for) A vehicle with four-wheel drive designed for off-road or heavy transport. Synonyms: off-roader, four-wheel drive. Example: Driving a ___ is necessary for navigating rugged mountain terrains.

Crash

(noun / verb: vụ va chạm / đâm xe - KRASH) A violent collision involving moving vehicles. Synonyms: collision, accident, smash. Example: Emergency services responded quickly to the highway vehicle ____.

People-carriers

(noun: xe chở nhiều người / xe đa dụng - PEE-pul-kar-ee-erz) A large passenger car designed to accommodate five to eight people comfortably. Synonyms: minivan, multi-purpose vehicle. Example: Families often prefer _______________ for long road trips.