Caregiving (Dr. Flor Nutrition Exam)

10/19/2026

Nutrition

how the body takes in and uses food and nutrients.

Wellness

active choices that support physical, mental, emotional, and social well-being.

Health promotion

: helping people improve health through education, healthy behaviors, and supportive environments.

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals, and water

6 major nutrients

Carbohydrates

the body's primary energy source.

Proteins

— build and repair tissues; support immune function

Fats

— concentrated energy, organ protection, and absorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K.

Vitamins and minerals

support metabolism, immunity, bones, blood, fluid balance, and nerve function.

Water

regulates temperature, transports nutrients, and supports waste removal.

Vitamins

support metabolism, immunity, vision, and other functions.

Minerals

support bones, blood formation, fluid balance, and nerves.

Adequacy, Balance, Variety, Moderation and Food safety

Principles of a balanced diet

Adequacy

enough energy and nutrients.

Balance

appropriate proportions from different food groups.

Variety

eat different nutritious foods.

Moderation

— limit excess salt, added sugar, and unhealthy fats.

Food safety

wash hands, use safe water, and prepare/store food properly.

150 minutes

Most adults: aim for at least ____ __________ of moderate aerobic activity weekly.

2 days

•  Include muscle-strengthening activities on at least _ ____ each week.

Hypertension, Type 2 diabetes, Cardiovascular disease, Obesity, and anemia/osteoporosis

Common Lifestyle-Related Conditions:

Hypertension

reduce excess sodium, be active, monitor BP, and follow prescribed treatment.

Type 2 diabetes

balanced eating, activity, appropriate screening, and prescribed care.

Cardiovascular disease

avoid tobacco; address BP, cholesterol, and diabetes risks.

Obesity

use sustainable habits and supportive, non-stigmatizing care.

Anemia/osteoporosis

assess causes and risks; nutrition and clinical care may be needed.

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary

3 levels of prevention

Primary

prevent disease before it occurs: healthy eating, vaccination, physical activity, tobacco avoidance.

Secondary

detect disease early: BP checks, eligible diabetes testing, recommended cancer screening.

Tertiary

reduce complications and disability: diabetes self-management, cardiac rehabilitation, medication support.

Assess, Plan, Teach, Evaluate, and Follow up

Five steps to an Education plan

Assess

needs, knowledge, readiness, and barriers.

Plan

set a SMART learning objective.

Teach

use discussion, pictures, demonstrations, or handouts.

Evaluate

ask the patient to explain or demonstrate.

Follow up

review progress and address barriers.