chapt 2 socialpsych situational

A researcher wants to study if people help more in rural vs. urban areas by observing naturally occurring behavior. What method should they use

Observational method

A researcher finds that as ice cream sales increase

drowning incidents increase. What type of relationship is this

A researcher randomly assigns participants to receive either caffeine or placebo to test its effect on memory. What method is this

Experimental method

A researcher lives with a homeless community for 6 months to understand their daily experiences. What type of research is this

Ethnography

A researcher analyzes 50 years of magazine advertisements to track changes in gender stereotypes. What method is this

Archival analysis

A survey finds that people who exercise more have lower stress levels

but you can't tell if exercise causes reduced stress. What limitation is this

A researcher wants to ensure their lab experiment about conformity applies to real-world situations. What type of validity should they be concerned about

External validity

A researcher uses a cover story about studying memory when actually studying obedience to authority. What principle is this following

Psychological realism

A researcher conducts a study about bystander intervention in a real shopping mall instead of a lab. What type of experiment is this

Field experiment

A study finds p = 0.03 for the relationship between social media use and depression. Is this statistically significant

Yes p < 0.05

A researcher repeats a famous obedience study with a new sample of participants to see if results still hold. What is this called

Replication

A researcher combines data from 15 studies on bullying to get an overall effect size. What is this called

Meta-analysis

A researcher studies how the brain responds to social rejection using brain scans. What field is this

Social neuroscience

A researcher wants to study how Japanese and American students differ in group decision-making. What type of research is needed

Cross-cultural research

A researcher tells participants a study is about learning when it's actually about obedience

then explains the real purpose afterward. What ethical practice is the second part

A participant in a psychology study decides to leave halfway through because they feel uncomfortable. What right are they exercising

Right to withdraw

A researcher ensures that survey responses cannot be linked to individual participants. What principle is this

Anonymity

A researcher develops a new theory about why people conform in groups. What should they do next

Derive testable hypotheses from the theory

A researcher operationally defines aggression as "number of electric shocks delivered to another participant." What type of definition is this

Operational definition

A researcher finds that people who own more books have higher IQ scores

but wonders if wealth might explain both. What problem is this

A researcher wants to study if violent video games cause aggression by having some people play violent games and others play non-violent games. What must they do to prove causation

Randomly assign participants to conditions

A researcher studies whether the temperature in a room affects people's willingness to help others

with everything else held constant. What type of validity is this ensuring

After a study finds that expensive placebos work better than cheap ones

people claim the results were obvious. What bias is this

A researcher wants to understand the experience of being a minority student on campus by interviewing them in-depth. What type of research is this

Qualitative research/observational

A researcher measures both stress levels and sleep quality in the same participants to see if they're related. What type of study is this

Correlational study

A researcher manipulates whether participants receive social support or not

then measures their performance on a stressful task. What is the independent variable

A company wants to know if their anti-bullying program actually reduces bullying in schools. What type of research should they conduct

Applied research

A university lab studies how memory works in social situations purely out of scientific curiosity. What type of research is this

Basic research

A researcher wants to study if people from individualistic cultures make different moral judgments than those from collectivistic cultures. What perspective should they take

Cultural sensitivity to avoid imposing their own definitions

A researcher finds that as study hours increase

grades increase

A researcher conducts a study but doesn't find significant results (p = 0.20). Should they conclude there's definitely no effect

No - they may have had low statistical power or the effect might be smaller than detectable