evolution

Evolution

“The change in populations and species over time”

• is consistent with observations in nature

Without evolution

• species arise de novo as finished products

• Species are designed and created

• Species as a whole don’t change by themselves, divine change

Species compositions

Have changes over time

• evidence: fossils (layers of rock build up over time; fossils is any trace of an organism that lived in the past)

Fossils

Many ____ do not resemble currently living plants and animals

Law of succession

• fossils of the same species in rock layers of the same time

• Different species in rock layers of different times (species compositions have changed through time)

• Fossils found in a certain geographical area more closely resemble species currently living in that area than in other areas ( ex living and fossil clothes only found in Americas)

Species are related

• not independent entities with no common ancestor

• Evidence: resemblances between species (common body and genetic blueprint for groups of similar species; variations on the same theme)

• Structural similarities of different organisms

• Developmental simulations of the morphology of the embryo

• Genetic similarities: similarities in genes and protein sequences in different organisms (ex. Hemoglobin)

• Homologous traits - are similar in different species because these species decent from a common ancestor that also carried that state (Homolgous gene / dna sequence/ rna sequence : same, there is shared ancestry)

Homology

Species share striking similarities