2. Human population

Vocabulary flashcards related to human population dynamics based on lecture notes.

Environmental Degradation

The impact of human activities on the Earth, often leading to the degradation of natural resources and ecosystems.

Demography

The study of human population size, growth, distribution, and related trends.

Less Developed Country (LDC)

Countries with a lower level of industrialization and economic development.

Birth Rate

The number of births in a population.

Death Rate

The number of deaths in a population.

Migration

The movement of people into (immigration) or out of (emigration) a specific area.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

The average number of children born to a woman during her reproductive years.

Age Structure

The distribution of individuals in a population based on age groups (e.g., pre-reproductive, reproductive, post-reproductive).

Pre-reproductive Age

The stage when individuals are generally too young to have children (typically 0-14 years old).

Reproductive Age

The stage when individuals are capable of having children (typically 15-44 years old).

Post-reproductive Age

The stage when individuals are generally too old to have children (typically 45 years and older).

Demographic Transition

The process where industrialized countries experience a decline in birth and death rates as they develop economically.

Family Planning

Providing education and clinical services to help couples make informed decisions about family size and timing.