Chemical reactions
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30 Terms
Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction
C_6H_6 + CH_3COCl ightarrow C_6H_5COCH_3 + HCl.
Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction
C_6H_6 + CH_3Cl ightarrow C_6H_5CH_3 + HCl.
Aldol condensation
2CH_3CHO ightarrow CH_3-CH(OH)-CH_2-CHO ightarrow CH_3-CH=CH-CHO.
Cannizzaro reaction
2HCHO ightarrow HCOOH + CH_3OH.
Clemmensen reduction
C=O + 4[H] ightarrow >CH_2 + H_2O.
Cross-aldol condensation
CH_3CHO + CH_3CH_2CHO ightarrow mixture of cross-aldol products.
Etard reaction
C_6H_5CH_3 + CrO_2Cl_2 ightarrow C_6H_5CH(OCrOHCl)_2 ightarrow C_6H_5CHO.
Gattermann-Koch reaction
C_6H_5S + CO + HCl ightarrow C_6H_5CHO + HCl.
Haloform reaction
CH_3-CO-R + 3X_2 + 4NaOH ightarrow R-COONa + CHI_3 + 3NaX + 3H_2O.
Rosenmund reduction
R-COCl + H_2 ightarrow R-CHO + HCl.
Stephen reaction
R-CN + SnCl_2 + HCl ightarrow R-CH=NH \bullet HCl ightarrow R-CHO.
Wolff-Kishner reduction
C=O + NH_2NH_2 ightarrow >C=NNH_2 ightarrow >CH_2 + N_2.
Decarboxylation reaction
R-COONa + NaOH ightarrow R-H + Na_2CO_3.
Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky (HVZ) reaction
R-CH_2-COOH + X_2 ightarrow R-CH(X)-COOH + HX.
Kolbe electrolysis
2R-COOK + 2H_2O ightarrow R-R + 2CO_2 + H_2 + 2KOH.
Finkelstein reaction
R-X + NaI ightarrow R-I + NaX.
Fittig reaction
2C_6H_5X + 2Na ightarrow C_6H_5-C_6H_5 + 2NaX.
Swarts reaction
R-Br + AgF ightarrow R-F + AgBr.
Wurtz reaction
2R-X + 2Na ightarrow R-R + 2NaX.
Wurtz-Fittig reaction
R-X + 2Na + X-C_6H_5 ightarrow R-C_6H_5 + 2NaX.
Balz-Schiemann reaction
C_6H_5N_2^+Cl^- + HBF_4 ightarrow C_6H_5N_2^+BF_4^- ightarrow C_6H_5F + BF_3 + N_2.
Carbylamine reaction
R-NH_2 + CHCl_3 + 3KOH (alc.) ightarrow R-NC + 3KCl + 3H_2O.
Coupling reaction
C_6H_5N_2^+Cl^- + C_6H_5OH ightarrow p-hydroxyazobenzene + HCl.
Diazotisation reaction
C_6H_5NH_2 + HNO_2 ightarrow C_6H_5N_2^+Cl^- + 2H_2O.
Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
Phthalimide + KOH ightarrow Potassium phthalimide ightarrow N-alkylphthalimide ightarrow R-NH_2 + Phthalic acid.
Gattermann reaction
C_6H_5N_2^+Cl^- + Cu / HCl ightarrow C_6H_5Cl + N_2 + CuCl.
Hofmann bromamide degradation reaction
R-CONH_2 + Br_2 + 4NaOH ightarrow R-NH_2 + Na_2CO_3 + 2NaBr + 2H_2O.
Kolbe's reaction
C_6H_5ONa + CO_2 ightarrow Sodium salicylate ightarrow Salicylic acid.
Reimer-Tiemann reaction
C_6H_5OH + CHCl_3 + 3NaOH ightarrow Salicylaldehyde + 3NaCl + 2H_2O.
Williamson synthesis
R-X + R'-ONa ightarrow R-O-R' + NaX.