Anatomy lab final review all combined

added cardio, respritory, eye and ear

apex of heart

base of heart

mediastinum

space between the lungs

epicardium

visceral layer of pericardium

myocardium

cardiac muscle tissue

endocardium

lines inside chambers of heart

pericardium

surrounds and protects heart in mediastinum

chambers

four: 2 upper, 2 lower

left and right atria

upper chambers

auricles

pouch like extensions

left and right ventricles

lower chambers

superior vena cava

return oxygen poor blood to heart

inferior vena cava

return oxygen poor blood to heart

pulmonary trunk

removes blood from right ventricle

left pulmonary artery

carries blood from the right ventricle to the left lung

right pulmonary artery

takes blood from the right ventricle to the right lung

left pulmonary vein

carries oxygenated blood from the left lung to the left atrium

right pulmonary vein

transports oxygenated blood from the right lung to the left atrium

aorta

aortic arch

ascending aorta

descending aorta

ABCs

aorta, brachiocephalic, common carotid, subclavian

brachiocephalic

common carotid

subclavian

bicuspid valve (mitral)

atrioventricular valve; between left atria and ventricle

tricuspid valve

atrioventricular valve; between right atria and ventricle

aortic semilunar valve

between left ventricle and aorta

pulmonary semilunar valve

between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

trabeculae carneae

ridges of muscles on ventricles

papillary muscles

larger trabeculae carne

chordae tendineae

string-like cords attached to papillary muscles

interventricular septum

thick wall that separates left and right

path of blood through the heart

structure of blood vessels

tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa

tunica intima

endothelium; provides a physical support for epithelial; internal elastic membrane

tunica media

relatively thick layer; vasoconstriction and dilation

tunica externa

outer layer, attaches vessel to surrounding tissue; also called adventitia

valves of vein

many are one-way; two flaps with edges that meet; think of swinging doors

composition of blood

blood plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells

blood plasma

55%

buffy coat

composed of white blood cells and platelets

red blood cells

45%

sclera

iris

cornea

outer clear layer

lens

pupil

superior oblique of eye

superior rectus of eye

medial rectus of eye

lateral rectus of eye

inferior oblique of eye

optic nerve

vitreous body

choroid

retina

fovea

optic disc (blind spot)

auricle

external auditory canal

tympanic membrane

eardrum

malleus

hammer

incus

anvil

stapes

stirrups

semicircular canal

internal auditory canal

cochlea

auditory tube

conducting zone

Includes respiratory passageways, cleanses, humidifies and warms incoming air

respiratory zone

nasal cavity

nasal septum

Pharynx

throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx

nasopharynx

oropharynx

laryngopharynx

uvula

larynx

thyroid cartilage

epiglottis

glottis

cricoid cartilage

thyroid gland

bronchial tree

trachea

carina

primary bronchi

secondary bronchi

terminal bronchioles

alveoli

superior lobe of lungs

middle lobe of lungs

inferior lobe of lungs

apex of lungs

base of lungs

parietal pleura

visceral pleura

pleural cavity